A four-style behavior questionnaire is used as an assessment instrument to help in predicting trainees' behavior. It is argued that the four-style behavior theory has been a helpful training tool and it can be used with measurable success in a number of subject areas: interpersonal communication, performance appraisal, and conflict resolution.…

Emerging leadership characteristics need to be examined and legitimized, according to this article beginning on the front cover. A literature review on leadership points out leaders' needs to be more caring and participative, women's and minority groups' search for new models, and the integration of male and female roles. (RW)

Rates of friendly behavior were significantly greater after six moderately/severely retarded aggressive institutionalized adults participated in socialization games. The games also significantly decreased interpersonal distance. Unfriendly behavior and inactivity were higher after placebo sessions (simple craft projects). (CL)

College students (N=60), divided into three matched groups, received subliminal stimulation. The main dependent variable was the final examination grade. Results indicated that both experimental groups earned significantly higher grades than the control group and that the stimulation of oneness fantasies has an adaptation-enhancing effect on…

The change in the percentage of personal consumption expenditures for recreation was investigated. Transportation, food, housing, and medical care expenditures were also examined. Results indicate that the proportion of personal consumption expenditures for transportation, food, and housing did not increase while recreation and medical care…

Drawing from management models of several researchers in behavioral sciences, conclusions about how to motivate employees are presented. Some insight into the factors affecting motivation and managerial action to improve staff motivation are discussed. (Author/MLW)

Of 300 teachers and administrators making only positive statements for 24 hours, 76 percent discovered with surprise their normal negativity, 75 percent found being positive difficult, 71 percent received increased friendly feedback, 22 percent were inspired to change their instructional methods permanently, and 28 percent reported heightened…

A seven-week sequence of one-hour sessions of practice in assertiveness skills is elaborated. The mini-course is designed for the personal and professional development of senior baccalaureate nursing students. (SK)

Examined whether Carkhuff-type counselor responses would improve elementary students' (N=40) behavior. Participants completed pre- and postcounseling Behavior Rating Forms. Counselor's responses were individually rated using a five-point Carkhuff scale. Results indicated that high-level Carkhuff-model responding led to improved behavior. (RC)

The effects of haloperidol and a mild punishment on the severe self-injurious behavior and several collateral behaviors of a 17-year-old profoundly retarded male were assessed. (Author)

Results indicated that, despite SES group variation in level of performance, improvement (when it occurred) was evident for both high and low SES groups of children referred for classroom problems. (Author/SW)

The two experiments involving six developmentally-delayed preschoolers showed that the delay technique is quick to teach and simple to implement, that delays provide opportunities for children to initiate, that teachers can generalize their use of delay to novel self-selected situations, and that teachers can maintain their use of delays over…

Physicians at a continuing medical education course were asked to make a commitment to introduce changes in their practice as a result of information acquired from the course. The results from follow-up questionnaire results indicate that 96 percent of the participants had made some change. (MLW)

Following smoking-cessation treatment, half of 44 subjects were sent supportive maintenance letters. Letters produced no main effect but reduced smoking in subjects who smoked from habit or received little pleasure from smoking. Letters increased smoking among opposite subject groups and those believing powerful others could not influence their…

The research review revealed that neither deception nor gullibility affects individual differences in acceptance, that subjects accurately recognize the triviality and actual accuracy of Barnum feedback, and that bogus feedback may persuade subjects to alter their self-evaluations slightly. The acceptance phenomenon manifests subjects' rationality…