The foundations of knowledge by tradition have been treated analytically, and knowledge has been characterized as a theoretical subject. This article introduces a steering mechanism as the prerequisite for a study of knowledge work and maintenance on empirical grounds. Knowledge is treated synthetically, that is, as something that exists only…

Building communication theory in terms of three-variable relationships is a promising route to developing better theory, because three-variable relationships stand midway between sometimes overly simplistic two-variable relationships, and the more complex path analysis. The analysis of three-variable relationships has been done in many previous…

This paper describes an experiment in using the "scenario," a concept parallel to that of the case study, as a research tool for obtaining information about possible sex discrimination in personnel decisions by high school principals in South Australia. A review of the literature indicated that in spite of legislation aimed at…

The causes of rural/urban educational inequalities are multiple and diverse, and their analysis requires multi-disciplinary, longitudinal research. In this Polish study, preliminary examination of macrostatistical data on rural/urban disparities revealed the limitations of dichotomous analysis. In a broad, in-depth approach designed to develop a…

The proceedings papers include topics on educational reform and intellectuals, religious education, immigrants, and the history of education as a discipline. The theme of an Editor's Supplement is utopianism and education, and the papers deal with Robert Owen. These three papers are reprinted from the 1973 meeting of the National History of…

The Apple Classroom of Tomorrow (ACOT) project is an attempt to alter the instructional premises of a selected group of seven experimental classrooms in the United States by saturating them with computer technology. A recent proposal submitted to Apple Computer described STAR (Sensible Technology Assessment/Research), which includes both…

This study attempted to determine if there was a change in job attitude among employees of a state institution for the developmentally disabled after a move to new, superior facilities. An attitude scale was constructed and administered in December 1982, prior to the move. A second testing occurred two months later, after Experimental Group I had…

This handbook provides information and guidelines to assist college administrators and researchers in calculating the economic impact of their community college on its locality. First, background is presented on an economic impact project conducted in New Jersey to help support the case for increased state and county funding to community colleges.…

In order for education to evolve from a craft to a profession, a spirit of inquiry must be infused into the beliefs and activities of education faculty members and practicing teachers. For faculty members in professional schools, the responsibilities of teaching, research, and service should be integrated activities for which inquiry serves as the…

Future research in Follow Through should be eclectic and comprehensive. In particular, the setting for Strand Two of the National Institute of Education's (NIE) research program for Follow Through should provide opportunities for sponsors of innovations to implement programs targeted at many outcomes. There should be a commitment to measuring…

The development of an appropriate research policy for a university as well as for the national and international levels can be accomplished only if quantitative data and qualitative evaluations (scientific contribution, results, goal-achievement) are made available to illustrate research activities. A database is described that would enable…

The purpose of this study was to determine the types of research methods used to study cognitive processing development in gifted learners, from 1975-1986. Of 870 research publications identified on giftedness, 522 publications (60 percent) dealt with cognitive processing development. Research designs used most frequently were causal-comparative,…

Since the measurement of school achievement involves the administration of achievement tests to various grades on various subjects, both grade level and subject matter contribute to within-school achievement variations. To determine whether achievement test scores vary most among different fields within a grade level, or within fields among…

The effectiveness of the Dwyer heart materials in facilitating learning and retention of information related to the heart under normal research conditions was investigated. Previous studies have focused on the manipulation of stimulus dimensions and not the effectiveness of the materials themselves. Data from three previous studies were compared…

Two methodological reviews of the Children's English and Services Study (CESS), a congressionally mandated estimate of the number and needs of limited English proficient children, are presented. Such reviews are needed because the CESS is the only national study of its kind which administered a language proficiency test to determine the language…