Two aspects of the cognitive development of a 14- to 18-month-old blind child are reported: the development of procedures for the intentional control of objects and the development of certain classificatory skills. (Author)

Clarifies several issues in response to recent criticisms of habituation and related novelty-preference techniques used in studies of infant memory. (RH)

Examines the motivational or affective message and impact of infants' cries on nonparents, primiparous parents, and multiparous parents. Cries were organized into three levels (difficult, average, easy) by temperament ratings and spectographic analysis. Physiological and self-report responses to audiotapes of infants' cries were obtained from 36…

Presents study analyzing gestural communication of hearing children between one and two years of age, comparing it with the communication of a deaf child of deaf parents exposed to sign language since birth. Results suggest that the capacity to combine symbols, referential words, or signs simultaneously depends on exposure to a linguistic input. (…

Two experiments were conducted concerning the development of spatial orientation during the second year of life. Both experiments were focused on oriented search for a hidden target object in the absence of landmarks, which can be accomplished by relating one's movements to knowledge of a target's location. (Author/RH)

Briefly discusses issues related to the safety of infant seats in automobiles and the responsibility of television producers to present images that demonstrate the safe conveyance of children. (Author/RH)

A multiple habituation paradigm was used to determine whether 10- to 12-month-old infants were able to discriminate between visual arrays differing only in their numerosity. (Author/RH)

The reactions of 24 eight-month-old infants and their mothers were observed when approached in a standard laboratory situation by female strangers whose approach was either fast or slow. Mothers were significantly more "wary" than infants, particularly as the proximity of the stranger increased. (Author/RH)

Tests newborns' ability to detect a dot with central vision and compares both the proportion of time the infants fixated centrally and the duration of each central fixation. Subjects were 46 newborns ranging in age from 1 to 7 days. (MP)

Investigated whether facial expressions are reliable in producing the same emotional responses from infants (N=27) across situations designed to elicit the same emotion and whether they provide sufficient information to mediate consistent emotion judgments by raters. (JMB)

Four experiments were conducted to investigate the development of visual accommodation in one- to three-month-old infants. Accommodation responses and pupil diameters were measured at various stimulus distances. Results suggest that changes in depth of focus in the first three months are largely responsible for growth in accommodation. (Author/SS)

One- to four-month-old infants' abilities to see various structural characteristics of a subjective contour figure were assessed by means of a habituation procedure. (Author/DB)

Two-year-old children's memory for locations of hidden objects was examined in four cue conditions. Pictures marked hidden-object locations in three of these conditions, and either depicted or were related associatively to hidden objects. In the fourth condition, only blank cards were presented with the objects. (Author/SS)

Premeaningful vocalizations produced by nine normally developing and 10 Down's syndrome infants were recorded as part of a longitudinal study of language development. Both groups began to produce canonical, reduplicated babbling at 8 to 8 1/2 months of age, and trends regarding consonantal and vocalic development for both groups were similar…

Studies infants' symbolic gestures in and out of context with objects varying in degree of perceptual/contextual support. Results indicate vocabulary production correlates with symbolic gesture out of context and that vocabulary comprehension correlates with symbolic gesture in context. Gestures that bear the strongest relationship to language are…