The author defines the scope and importance of vocational guidance in the Soviet Union. He states that such guidance is primarily for youth. He discusses the institutional framework of vocational guidance programs and new developments in the Soviet Union. (CH)

Discusses a survey to measure relative job satisfaction of former students with and without cooperative education experience. Results indicated that job satisfaction is greater among former cooperative education students and thus, they are more likely to remain in a job. (CH)

In the early 1980s, the National Commission on Excellence in Education called for reforming the recruitment of educational administrators. Today, this call has heightened importance because nearly half of the nation's superintendents report difficulty in filling principal vacancies. This research contributes to the literature about the…

This publication presents 14 graphs providing data from interviews with 800 part-time college faculty 396 union members and 404 non-members. Results for union members and non-members are reported separately in each graph. The graphs illustrate the following major findings: (1) over two-thirds of part-time faculty hold other jobs; (2) almost half…

This study developed an empirical construct for the term "morale," and applied the resulting structural model in an investigation of the impact of morale on administrators' reported intentions to leave their positions. The paper identifies three common sources of frustration in these administrators: the midlevel nature of their role; the lack of…

Thirty-two individuals with cancer or HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) were interviewed concerning their employment related experiences and concerns. Findings indicated that the decision to tell their supervisor and/or co-workers about their health status varied substantially between individuals with HIV and those with cancer. All study…

This issue brief examines the gender salary gap in engineering, an occupation in which women held 10% of the jobs in 1995. Using multivariate regression analysis, various potential explanations for the salary gap in this field are explored. It was concluded that the salary gap is primarily explained by the fact that female engineers, on average,…

Looks at equipment, process, and training aspects of backpack vacuum cleaners that facilitate good ergonomics and high productivity levels, focusing on: designing new equipment for bodies and productivity; creating comfortable backpack harnesses; improving the work process via team training; and providing ergonomic training to ensure that backpack…

Used nationally representative data to provide a comprehensive comparative picture of the satisfaction between full- and part-time faculty members (both tenure-track and non-tenure-track) within and across U.S. 2-year and 4-year post-secondary institutions. Found a different picture than that proposed by popular accounts of part-time faculty,…

Conditional multiple correspondence analysis of data from workers in Argentina, Brazil, and Chile found that training was a consequence rather than a cause of promotion. More job training resulted in increased salary and benefits as well as in greater costs such as hours of work and work-related insecurity. (Contains 21 references.) (JOW)

Discusses advantages and disadvantages of being a full-time lecturer in a foreign language department. Lecturers like the emphasis on teaching, the ability to affect student learning, and freedom from the pressures of publishing. Drawbacks include lack of time, money, and job security. Frustration, caused by a lack of empowerment, comes from an…

Minnesota teachers of the year (N=18) were interviewed to identify motivation and organizational incentives for exemplary classroom performance. Values and role behaviors of high-vitality teachers differ from those assumed by rational management models calling for incentives such as increased academic preparation, career ladders, and merit pay.…

A survey of 209 school psychologists concerning job satisfaction, job stability, and quality of professional life found positive perceptions of professional role and functions. The greatest differences between males and females were found in quality of professional life. (Author/MSE)

The important role of academic department secretaries at institutions of higher education is considered in the context of a survey of 121 academic department support staff. Possible strategies for retaining these valuable employees are offered, including accurate position descriptions, appropriate compensation, team-building programs, and special…

The deterioration of the quality of work and the resulting impact on workers are of increasing concern. Those being prepared for entry into the workplace can also be prepared for the context and condition of work. (SK)