Two experiments are reported in which cardiac habituation of the orienting response to pure tone stimuli was studied in well-nourished and malnourished male Guatemalan infants. Results indicated a fundamental attentional deficit in the malnourished group. (GO)

Recommends criteria for determining adequate sample size for the use of Mean Length of Utterance (MLU) as an indicator of early language development. (BD)

Reports four experiments in which infants' recognition memory (defined by novelty preferences) was found to be improved by providing five- to seven-month-old infants with discriminable but related targets during the familiarization period. Facilitation of recognition was found for both photographs of faces and abstract patterns. (JMB)

Asserting that play encourages development of the cognitive map, this article describes the development of a cognitive map and explores the function of play in that development. (JC)

Reports a semilongitudinal study which measured the respiratory activity during crying of 10 normal infants aged two days to eight months. (BD/BR)

Infants aged 9, 14, 20 and 24 months were observed looking at picture books with their mothers. The integration of pointing with verbal and visual behaviors together with activities pertaining to the task, such as page turning, are described. (Author/JMB)

Time sampled observations of non-elicited behaviors, obtained for several hundred newborn babies were used to determine (1) whether specific motor patterns are state linked in the manner of spontaneous behaviors; (2) whether certain behaviors appear with greater frequency preprandially; and (3) whether associations between behaviors and states are…

The ability of 5-month-old infants to process relational information was assessed by means of a habituation-dishabituation paradigm with cardiac deceleration as the response measure. (SB)

Exercises for children four to nine months old are presented with illustrations. (MS)

The limitations of noisemakers and speech in detecting marked high-frequency hearing impairment in young children are illustrated by special analysis. (Author)

This study demonstrated that 1-year-olds were capable of engaging other people in communicative interaction, that they adopted their messages according to the demands of the listener and situation, and that they responded to the receiver's feedback. (SB)