Discusses the importance of biological education in the rural development of under-developed countries. Argues that if the peasant farmer possessed even the most basic rudiments of biological knowledge he would be much more adaptable and amenable to technological innovation. Also describes how such an educational program might be implemented. (JR)

Special Urban Issue. Former Deputy Undersecretary of Agriculture defines rural development and urges leadership in the area to assure balanced growth in the nation. (DS)

This article describes the Department of Agriculture's new program which provides a combination of biological and cultural pest control techniques in combination with chemicals, as well as long-range pest control research. (Author/JB)

Indicates how events in the areas of economic development, agricultural change, politics and education have contributed to crucial breakdown in communications. Political organization must be rebuilt to increase communication between leaders and masses. (Author/DB)

The author cites the importance of agricultural production and suggests a corps of rural youth trained as Ag technicians. (Editor)

Provides evidence from migration theories and empirical research for rejecting the belief that rural development interventions reduce rural to urban migration. Suggests that rural to urban migration may be reduced through programs that increase cultivable land, equalize land or income distribution, or decrease fertility. (Author/MJL)

Analyzes the relationship between rural literacy and agricultural development in 313 Indian districts from 1961 to 1971. Finds agricultural production gains probably were caused by technological and social changes other than literacy and these gains caused greater than average increases in literacy. (LC)

Examines the programing and audiences of two small rural commercial radio stations in the Jordan and Punata provinces. Shows how these stations have interacted with the local culture and how they offer significant potential for development. (PD)

This paper is the summary of a substantial report presented to the Botswana Ministry of Agriculture. The report evaluates a program of nonformal education provided for women farmers at rural training centers. The analysis reveals that the content of women's courses tends to be wholly domestic. (SSH)

Contrasts historical cases in Western countries concerning the idea that ordinary rural primary school teachers can play an important role as "animateurs"--leaders in rural development activities. Reveals no historical evidence to support the idea that teachers can stimulate rural development. (AH)

A college instructor discusses his experiences in leading a student field study and planning project centered on the traditional rural African Market. Students benefitted from their work, but the instructor was unable to convince his colleagues about the project's validity. (Author/WB)

The management, administration, production, and broadcasting of educational television are discussed and evaluated with respect to its use in elementary education, training of teachers, and out-of-school education in the Ivory Coast during the 1970s. (CHC)

Details essential elements of any rural development program, describes a seven-stage project development strategy which has proved successful in water management projects in Pakistan and Egypt, delineates the key concepts in each of the seven stages, and recommends integration of the client system into rural development programs. (Author)

Presents a discussion of the rethinking of the role of literacy in African nations. Emphasis is needed on measurement concepts for peasants. Cultural motivations are suggested as important considerations when planning literacy programs. (SA)