Examined cognitive-behavioral training procedures designed to enhance social problem-solving and impulse-control skills of delinquent adolescents. Explored multiple baseline design across subjects and tasks and an alternating-treatments design. Presented two different forms of hypothetical social problems to subjects (N=5). Results indicated…

Reviews terms for "educateur" used in various countries; lists settings and duties performed. Describes evolution of the profession to satisfy different perceptions and needs in different countries. Addresses professional preparation and new teaching approaches and settings. Author perceives future educateur role as mediator/mentor…

Specific Chinese program approaches yielding low recidivism were identified. The rehabilitation or reform approach is based upon three major interventions: education, labor, and ideological instruction. The juvenile system comprises three phases, each dependent upon the seriousness of the crime committed. Inmates are motivated and strive to become…

Accelerating social and economic changes have contributed to a widespread sense of alienation affecting the school and its functions, goals, and activities. To reduce unacceptable alienation levels, the school must clarify its own mission, understand the relationship between social and academic issues, define its responsibility, and encourage…

Describes the operations of a clinic for the long-term psychiatric treatment of adolescents in Germany. The different types of container as opposed to contained relationships evident in the clinic structure are discussed. The metaphor of the clinic as container for the troubled youth is useful in understanding its effectiveness. (SLD)

Describes work of Anton Makarenko (1888-1939), Ukrainian educator and youth pioneer considered one of century's great experts on troubled youth. Notes that, although Makarenko claimed to work without theories, he actually used sophisticated interventions that involved cognitive dissonance, paradoxical interventions, and cognitive reframing with…

Investigated differences in school and delinquency outcomes according to proportion of maltreatment reports that have been substantiated. Data on school and delinquency outcomes from over 2,000 maltreated children and comparison samples of school children and juvenile Department of Social Services clients revealed no significant differences by…

At an urban, predominantly African American middle school, the authors addressed parents' concerns (adolescent development, self-esteem, family communication, behavior management, peer pressure, sexuality, and substance abuse) through a series of six Saturday workshops. Parents were randomly assigned to one of three models: directive,…

Treatment programs for delinquent youth often develop negative youth subcultures that sabotage the formal treatment efforts of adults. Students exercising peer authority can manufacture and then escalate minor incidents into major confrontations. Staff who are unaware of the dynamics of the conflict can inadvertently be lured into the battle. (JPS)

Examined the psychopathological morbidity of criminal children and teenagers from a diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventative point of view. Studied the young offenders' histories, their behavior patterns and personalities at the time the actual criminal act took place, and how subjects coped with the judicial procedure during the following…

Compared the involvement in problem behaviors of a national sample of male and female youth who were: virgins, sexually experienced (never pregnant), pregnant, or parents. Regression analyses showed that never pregnant adolescents were more likely than virgins to have been involved in four types of nonsexual problem behaviors. (JBJ)

Performed secondary analysis of data from National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, involving 12,686 subjects, to examine patterns of alcohol and cocaine abuse. Found joint alcohol and cocaine abusers demonstrated highest levels of previous 30-day and lifetime drug use, high levels of delinquent activity, and highest rates of unemployment and marital…

Examined competence and problem behavior of 70 adolescent suicide attempters for effects of gender, age, and high-risk versus low-risk suicidal status. High suicide risk youth reported greater clinical levels of problem behavior than did low-risk counterparts. Few differences were found for reported competencies. (Author/NB)

Notes that, during adolescence, lesbian and gay youth often become aware of their sexual orientation and may experience problems. Contends that gay and lesbian adolescents need support from their families to cope with stressors in homophobic society. Sees fear of rejection by family members as creating anxiety in young gay people. Discusses these…

Examined the health and behavioral consequences of child abuse, comparing parenting and never-pregnant teens. Both groups identified major consequences of suicide, prostitution, school drop-out, crime, and substance abuse. Parenting teens expressed interest in prevention programs that would address these consequences. Recommendations for child…