One of a series of units on business issues designed for secondary school students, this packet examines United States and Soviet trade within the context of worldwide economic and political associations. Introductory in nature, the 5-day unit is suitable for use by itself or as part of a larger study of comparative economic systems, American…

This is the report of a study that examined the relationship between the New York City school system and the external (social and political) environment of which the school system is a part. The study had two purposes: first, to determine the impact that external constituents of the school system have on internal policymaking and implementation;…

Current conditions at U.S. colleges and universities are discussed. Consideration is given to the nature of special interests and factions in American society and the system-wide influences of corporate power, militarization, racism, sexism, and overquantification as they pertain to higher education. The internal and external governance of…

Three diverse case studies in which developing nations (the Philippines, India, and Nigeria) have chosen English as the language of instruction for the purpose of enhancing national development are described. In each case, the linguistic situation presents serious conflicts between the forces of nationalism and modernization. The Philippines…

This book traces the process by which the British government's formal commitment to increasing access to higher education and expanding continuing education has gone hand in hand with severe cuts in extramural departments, insistence on self-financing, and emphasis on vocational training for regeneration, at the expense of liberal education for…

Nigeria's social and economic conditions at and after independence necessitated changes in educational and employment policy. At independence, in 1960, unification and economic development were necessary to galvanize the country's direction. Control and domination of the economy by foreigners deprived the country of the development of an…

Classroom teachers are affected directly and indirectly by external forces: international, national, social, institutional, pedagogical, economic, commercial, professional, and religious. It is proposed that teachers make use of constructive forces and combat destructive ones by using organizational and individual resources to create change.…

This 4-part study reaffirms the concepts of a previous study entitled "Situation and Prospects of Youth in Latin America" and approved in 1983, and on the basis of new knowledge explores more deeply national situations and their diversity. It offers new conceptual and theoretical contributions on the condition of youth in Latin America…

This review of the status of English language instruction in the Turkish community of Cyprus provides an overview of the social and political role of English in the society in general, and outlines the status of English use and instruction in the educational system at all levels (elementary, secondary, higher, adult, and teacher). Topics covered…

This report, one of a series on block grant implementation, describes the efforts 13 states have made to involve the public in their block grant decisions, and the reaction of various state-level interest groups to those efforts. These public input opportunities were established in response to federal requirements, but also on account of the…

Using the 1981 Education Act of England and Wales as a case study, this paper develops a conceptual framework of education legislation as a significant reference point in the process of negotiation and bargaining that initiates legislation and continues throughout the period of policy implementation. A model of the policy process and the…

In the past 15 years a new curriculum field known as "Science, Technology, and Society" or STS has been established, first in higher education and since 1982 in K-12 education. The first section of this review charts the development of the STS field since the late 1960s. Throughout the 1960s and 1970s a group of writers, called STS prophets,…

An overview of the process of university participation in state politics is provided, including the way in which a university interacts with the governor's office and the way it competes with other universities and other agencies for budget dollars. The following 23 articles are included: "The Influence of State Constitutional Conventions on the…

This paper presents a discussion of the Malaysian television phenomenon and associated implications for the country's politics, governance, and social development. As a background to the problems of television's adjustments and adaptations in Malaysia, difficulties and complexities of television in the west and other developing countries are…

This paper proposes minimum curricula and the foundations for future curriculum unification in teaching archeology, library science, and museology at the graduate level in Brazil, in view of current cultural and legal difficulties that hamper a radical and rapid transformation in implementing such a proposed curriculum. Background information…