A Detroit study investigated the personality differences between typical urban Negroes and Whites. Subjects included 416 whites and 200 negroes over the age of 14. The following instruments were administered to all subjects: (1) the Cantor short form of the Barron Ego Strength scale, (2) the Eysenek Personality Inventory, (3) the Cameron Religious…

Responds to Thomas, Chess, and Korn (Merrill-Palmer Quarterly; v28 n1 p1-20 Jan 1982) by arguing that empirical and theoretical considerations call into question the assumption that parent reports of their own child's difficult temperament are essentially measures of characteristics residing within the child. (BJD)

Based on ratings by classmates, counselors were dicotomized according to probability of being referred agitated or constrained clients. Counselors to whom the former were referred had higher MMPI scores on D and Pt scales and lower scores on Es scales. (Author)

Investigates the etiology of the oral character, the link between oral personality traits and orality by means of two personality tests. Subjects were 275 men and 340 women of mean age 20 years. (CM)

This study was conducted to develop a theory of resident competence in anesthesiology and was guided by this research question: from the perspective of anesthesiology faculty members, "What are the attributes and indicators of clinical competence in residents?" The author used a grounded theory approach for this multi-case, multi-site…

The validity of the Five Factor Model of personality traits has been mainly assessed with adults and late adolescents. Research has shown that adolescents are able to give reliable self-reports regarding their personality dispositions, but only a few studies have explored self-ratings in children younger than 12 years. Consistent patterns of…

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) studies of emotion, personality, and social cognition have drawn much attention in recent years, with high-profile studies frequently reporting extremely high (e.g., > 8) correlations between behavioral and self-report measures of personality or emotion and measures of brain activation. We show…

The influence of birth order on personality and sibling rivalry is controversial; little research has been conducted into academic sibling rivalry, and none into the connection with personality traits. This study considers the interaction of all three factors. Firstborns (N=22) and lastborns (N=24) completed online personality tests and an…

If we are to help children develop character, we have to go beyond offering a character education class once or twice each month. We actually have to validate character when we see it or hear about it happening. Through the use of a new strategy called "focused invitations," counselors and teachers can focus on the 36 core components of character.…

This demonstration provides students with 1 active experience capable of representing cross-cultural psychology, personality and nature-nurture. Early in the semester, students completed Sensation Seeking and television preference questionnaires. We offered students the opportunity to eat insects during a cross-cultural psychology lecture. After…

Hugo Munsterberg was among the most famous psychologists in the world at the turn of the 20th century. Despite his preeminence and associations with prominent leaders in several disciples, including Frank Parsons, his abrasive personality and unpopular politics led to his work being largely ignored during the 20th century. One such work is H.…

According to social cognitive career theory, decisions to pursue a career may be influenced by self-efficacy expectations and anticipated career outcomes, thus we examined the incremental validity of these constructs beyond gender and personality. 179 undergraduate college students completed a survey, the Career Decision Scale (CDS), and the NEO…

The linguistic properties of the first (critical) character of a two-character Chinese word were manipulated when the eyes moved to the right of the critical character during reading to determine whether character processing is strictly unidirectional. In Experiment 1, the critical character was replaced with a congruent or incongruent character…

Character education has been part of the educational and societal landscape for millennia. Through consensus, school communities teach and model traits that influence the character and moral development of children. Children learn character traits from others--both good and bad--whether that is intended or not. To avoid leaving character education…

Current directions in transformational learning theory incorporate the concept of emotional intelligence. The purpose of this study was to understand emotional intelligence as it relates to transformational learning by identifying factors related to individuals' emotional responses to literature. Specifically, the study investigated the…