There are scarce studies on bystanders' responses to racist hate speech. The present study was rooted in the general aggression model to examine the direct and indirect associations between witnessing racist hate speech and bystanders' active defending behaviors. Moreover, we examined if these associations varied as a function of the immigration…

Most of the existing literature and evidence on school violence and victimization comes from high-income countries, and there is a lack of evidence on developing countries. This study examines the prevalence of student victimization and its association with individual, family, and school-related correlates, focusing on the representative sample…

To date, no research on the influence of social-emotional learning (SEL) instruction on school violence and academic performance in the Kyrgyz Republic has been published. However, the current levels of school violence and poor academic performance in Kyrgyz schools warrant action. According to the UNICEF report (2012), 83% of students reported…

School districts historically approached conflict-resolution from a zero-sum perspective: suspend students seen as disruptive and potentially harm them, or avoid suspensions and harm their classmates. Restorative practices (RP) -- focused on reparation and shared ownership of disciplinary justice -- are designed to avoid this trade-off by…

Critical incidents (CIs) occur in most schools and school communities. School counselors engage in critical incident response by providing emotional support and response strategies to help students and staff regain a sense of normalcy and emotional safety, and by offering ongoing support. Therefore, this study investigated the impact that…

The collective adherence to contradictory conflict narratives has underpinned the intractable ethnopolitical conflicts that have occurred in the Northern Region of Ghana. Changing the conflict narratives that perpetuate ethnopolitical conflicts in the region through peace education is a prerequisite for any meaningful peacebuilding. Consequently,…

This study examines how a course that includes recognizing pain and suffering inflicted during intractable conflicts affects Indigenous Minority Group students' willingness to reconcile. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative research tools with a pre-/post- questionnaire examining Israeli-Palestinian…

Implementing school resource officer (SRO) programs has been a popular response to school-based violence in the United States (Lynch, 2017). Lynch further posits that there is a growing concern that school resource officers hyper-criminalize trivial student misbehavior, contribute to a culture of youth punishment and control, and are instrumental…

Given the spike of homicides in conflict zones of Colombia after the 2016 peace agreement, I study the causal effect of violence on college test scores. Using a difference-in-difference design with heterogeneous effects, I show how this increase in violence had a negative effect on college learning, and how this negative effect is mediated by…

Traditional views of leadership often associate strong leadership with directness, decisiveness, and dominance, which are stereotypically coded as masculine while perceiving empathy and collaborative orientation-- qualities commonly associated with femininity--as less compatible with effective leadership. However, contemporary research…

This research explores the prevention of sexual violence against university students in Indonesia through an analysis of Power Relations (PR), Disability Perspective (DP), Anti-Violence (AV) strategies, and Human Rights (HR). The study aimed to explore the effectiveness of discussing "Power Relations (PR)," Disability Perspective (DP),…

This study examines the role of university presidents in addressing the October 7, 2023 Hamas attacks on Israel. University presidents have historically been influential figures in societal discourse, and their roles have evolved to include addressing national and global issues. A qualitative analysis examined statements from leaders across 98…

When designing or updating a K-12 emergency operations plan (EOP), gun violence ranks among the top human-caused threats to be accounted for, regardless of perceived risk. Gun violence incidents have now impacted every school demographic in the United States, and no school is immune to the possibility. Providing a safe, supportive, and welcoming…

This paper analyses the efficacy of the Gender Equality Matters (GEM) educational programme in raising awareness, building confidence, and enhancing capacity levels among children to tackle gender stereotyping, gender-based bullying and gender-based violence (GBV). While many primary schools are open to engaging children in the aforementioned…

Since the first American colonial colleges, higher education has served the nation as an arbiter of knowledge, conduit of democratic idealism, and producer of leaders, workers, and innovation. As the nation changed alongside world events and technological advancement, postsecondary institutions supported growth, met demands from the public and…