Mentally disordered patients that abuse drugs or alcohol have a larger number of criminal convictions. Early starters who had their first conviction before the age of 18, especially, more often have a diagnosis of substance abuse and are more often intoxicated at the time of the offense compared to late starters. The present study involved four…

The current study examined the possibility of differential predictive accuracy of selected Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Second Edition (MMPI-2) clinical and Restructured Clinical (RC) scales in a group of Black and White mental health center clients. Results indicate that Black clients scored higher than White clients on one…

We investigated how children solve the interpretive problem of verbal irony. Children 5 to 8 years of age and a group of adults were presented with ironic and literal remarks in the context of short puppet shows. The speaker puppet's personality was manipulated as a cue to intent; that is, speakers were described as funny or serious. We measured…

Personality type theory describes normal differences in how people are energized, take in information, make decisions, and approach work and life--all key elements in how people teach and learn. Understanding one another's personality type preferences helps teachers share their instructional strategies and classroom information. Type theory…

Interpretation of positive response distortion (socially desirable responding) in employment evaluations is an important validity issue. This study of police officer applicants examined the construct validity of the Paulhus Deception Scales (PDS)--Moralistic Bias (MB; exaggerated adjustment/agreeableness) and Egoistic Bias (EB; exaggerated…

People and organizations are inherently political. Library workplace environments have zones of tension and dynamics just like any corporation, often leading to the formation of political camps. These different cliques influence productivity and work-related issues and, at worst, give meetings the feel of the Camp David negotiations. Politics are…

Figures from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) show that more than 40 per cent of Australian children moved their place of residence at least once in the Census period from 1996 to 2001 (ABS, 2001a). The literature varies in its assessment of the impact that this has on children. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations…

This article makes a case for using Roald Dahl's children's fantasy and morality tale "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory" to teach recruitment and selection. It draws attention to its relevance in illustrating and explaining three different recruitment and selection paradigms: psychometric, social process, and fit. It argues that the use of this…

This research study describes results of a survey developed from the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicators and administered to 45 graduate students, including both counseling and education administration students. Previous research suggested that there were specific personality traits for counselor…

This exploratory study investigated whether the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS) can predict an infant's behavior on mastery motivation tasks at 1 and 2 years of age. Subjects were 31 normal, full-term infants from white, mostly middle class families. Infants were assessed using the NBAS with Kansas Supplements (NBAS-K) at a…

To test the hypothesis that aspects of one's personality are associated with expansion of his or her vocabulary, a study focused on thirteen students of various ages who constituted a vocabulary development class. Students were taught techniques for discovering meaning through context or extracting meaning through word structure. Considerable time…

A recent development in the field of personality assessment has been increasing interest in the use of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI) in clinical settings. The MCMI Scales 1 (Schizoid), 2 (Avoidant), 3 (Dependent), and 8 (Passive-Aggressive) appear to be a possible measure of initial stress in certain psychiatric inpatients. To…

A study investigated the personality factors that could characterize successful performance in the educational linker role of establishing linkages between research and development and the science classroom. Results supported the hypothesized similarity of the linker personality to those of engineers, school superintendents, and business…

In an effort to identify characteristics that relate to student dropout, 259 entering freshmen at a large community college were studied with personality, ability, and demographic measures, and it was hypothesized that a group of highly efficient predictor variables would become evident. Instruments used were the Omnibus Personality Inventory…

Hypotheses that student personality, teacher needs, and instructional modes are related were tested and supported. Five elementary schools, 60 teachers, and 150 fourth-grade students participated in this study. Three instruments, Organizational Climate Description Questionnaire, Edwards Personal Preference Schedule, and the Children's Personality…