This study is derived from the Congressional mandate for a study of the various provisions involved with the 1965 Elementary Secondary Education Act Title I grant determination and distribution process. The description of Title I provisions emphasizes the process relating to the allocation of funds for local educational agencies (LEA's). The…

In this action research project, a series of workshops was planned and held in order to: (1) develop improved methods for placement of disadvantaged students in occupational-technical programs in the Virginia community college system, (2) identify learning resources to meet individual needs, and (3) structure the learning resources so that the…

The paper examines the issue of whether the concepts and practices of standardized testing, on the one hand, and the pursuit and attainment of equal opportunity, on the other, are compatible. The author cites a number of areas where tension and conflict have centered; however, he feels that there is no necessary incompatibility between the…

Investigators applied the techniques of precision teaching (systematic arrangement of instructional cues, the technology of programed learning, careful management of reinforcement contingencies, and continuous measurement of performance) to improve the academic performance of disadvantaged children who had been labeled mentally retarded. The…

The Job Upgrading Program helps school dropouts and potential dropouts either return to or adjust to the regular school program or become prepared for the world of work. Trainees are given the opportunity to take an abbreviated school program, receive highly individualized personal counseling, learn about the factors for achieving success in a…

At the urging of the governor of Iowa, private business and industry plus interested citizens organized and funded four Project Iowa Training and Retraining of Youth (Project I-TRY) programs in many Iowa cities during the summers of 1967 and 1968. In assessing the effectiveness of the programs in reaching and selecting disadvantaged youth,…

Designed for 3- and 4-year-old disadvantaged children and their parents, a mobile unit consisting of a renovated school bus turned classroom is described which travels to three areas daily for a 2-hour period. The program for children is designed primarily for developmental skills--visual, sensory, auditory, and cognitive. Activities emphasize…

Statistics on day care and preschool services (rationale, facilities, capacity, enrollment patterns, quality, federal funding) were reviewed to determine priorities for the development of an effective network of child care services in the 1970's. The following conclusions were drawn: absence of an effective financing mechanism is the single most…

Recent studies suggest that the language deficiency often attributed to disadvantaged children, especially disadvantaged black children, is not a language deficit so much as a difficulty in dialect switching. The disadvantaged child's language patterns are different from the language patterns of the child from the mainstream of American society. A…

The purpose of this book was to document the plight of poor people who have migrated from the rural areas of the Southern United States and Appalachia and entered the ghettos of northern cities, such as Chicago, Cleveland, New York, and Boston. Data were collected via the author's studies, travels, and interviews. Part I provided the setting for…

A survey was conducted by the Educational Testing Service to evaluate the impact of federally supported college programs for disadvantaged students. The purposes were to identify successful programs and learn what factors were associated with effectiveness, using student-centered criteria of success, satisfaction and continuance in school. A…

The three position papers on reading disability and illiteracy offer a description of the present position and boundaries of the problem which the current state of knowledge, research, and experience affords us. The first, "The Costs of Illiteracy" by A. Dale Tussing and Laurence B. DeWitt, attempts to describe these "costs" as the quickest way to…

This book aims: (1) to describe and evaluate psychological research on poor children's intellect; to this end, the following questions are dealt with: What is the nature of poor children's mental abilities? How do these abilities develop? (2) to analyze the psychological assumptions underlying several attempts to reform education; and, (3) to…

In this address, Jensen discusses his views on the effects of heredity and environment on human intelligence, in an attempt to clarify his original statements on this subject. Since his article appeared in the "Harvard Educational Review" in 1969, the term "Jensenism" has accrued a variety of meanings through popular usage (according to Jensen)…

The Portland Project, an inservice training program in the teaching of reading for teachers, parents, principals, and teacher aides, was a federally-funded joint effort of Portland State University and the Portland, Oregon, Public Schools. It provided for one day of released time per week for teachers of grades one through four in four…