Reported is an investigation of the social origins of American scientists and scholars. Exhaustive data, gathered over a 40 year period, were reviewed and were gathered from sources reflecting geographical, baccalaureate, and social class variations. To a significant extent these variations were associated with the kind of a religious-ethnic group…

In view of the dramatic increase in the number of women graduating from medical school in each of the past five years, this study explored patients' preferences for male versus female physicians. A questionnaire was designed to determine the patients' physician preferences in regard to each of the following areas: the sex of patient; the physician…

This article is available as a reprint from the Institute for Research on Poverty, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin. (JM)

The issue of professional identity is of special concern to academicians in the humanities, especially those involved in the study of modern languages and literature. There is the problem of self-definition. Even reviewing the past of modern language and literature study affords no simple definition, as English as an academic subject has no clear…

The process typically employed by testing services in developing professional tests for national use is described: (1) determination of professional standards; (2) development of test specifications; (3) test construction; (4) test registration and administration; and (5) scoring, analysis, and reporting. To determine professional standards, input…

A context for continuing professional education is given, and a process of encouraging the university and practicing professionals to combine efforts for program quality. A Practice Audit Model is proposed to facilitate this relationship; it is a systematic process for identifying the educational needs of the practitioner who has a well-developed…

Two-hour semi-structured interviews were conducted with a heterogeneous group of psychotherapists to investigate their experience of therapeutic practice, and in particular to study the phenomenon of emotional and physical exhaustion known as "burnout," in which professionals lose all concern, all emotional feelings for the persons with…

This paper examines the profession of information brokerage through a look at types of services provided, and through a discussion of major issues, including that of fee for service. The types of information broker and free-lance librarian services are identified: (1) non-profit reference and research services administered by public libraries and…

The nature of professional sociological roles and the problems faced by the clinical sociologist are addressed. Professional sociologists are those whose primary occupational identity is that of counselor, consultant, or administrator working in a non-academic setting. Clinical sociology is defined as counseling or other actions for intervention…

This booklet gives brief outlines by career field, of each of 20 professional occupations in the energy field. Each outline includes the challenges faced by the particular energy professional, the educational standards for entry into the profession, the subject areas of concentration in high school, the nature of college training needed, and adult…

Data on race, higher educational attainment, and professional status help us to delineate issues, concerns and trends relevant to assessing the impact of professional schools upon black women. Professional schools which offer a direct service to black women have not, for example, systematically included within their curricula, normative data about…

A brief introduction is given to the bibliography, which contains 263 citations and 162 original abstracts of articles on the topic of women dentists. The citations cover the period of 1865-1977, and include some from popular publications. The majority are from professional and scientific journals and books. (MSE)

This publication, a pamphlet included in the B'nai B'rith Occupational Brief Series, directs itself to that profession that deals with medicinal substances. The pharmacist is responsible for the preparation and distribution of drugs. Fields of specialization are briefly described, identifying the nature of work involved. Licensure is required and…

The supply of scientists and engineers should be viewed not only in terms of quantity, but also in terms of quality and preparation. Forecasts have proven inaccurate in the past so that industry must assure an adequate quantity of students entering the science and engineering fields by the promise of employment. The quality of the professionals…

To determine whether individuals project their own locus of control to their attitude toward the disabled, several forms of a disability opinion survey based on J. Rotter's concepts were developed. The Disability Opinion Survey (DOS) (Form IS) was administered to 99 undergraduate and graduate students in special education and rehabilitation; and a…