This digest describes the development of the standard middle school and its impact on rural areas, discusses the original goals of middle schooling, and suggests how rural schools can meet these goals despite their small size. The earliest middle schools were innovative rural junior high schools that enriched their programs with additional…

This study sought to develop a causal model for college persistence based upon students' degree aspirations 4 years into the college experience. It is based on a subset of data from the 1986 and follow-up 1990 Cooperative Institutional Research Program survey, namely 1,473 students attending 261 institutions. The model examined five sets of…

Stretch 107 is a version of English 107 (a first-year composition course for international students at Arizona State University), designed to provide those with low proficiency in English with various strategies for writing acceptable prose in English. Since it is a 2-semester course, Stretch 107 gives students more time to work on their…

Increasingly, schools are faced with the necessity of finding ways to shoulder a greater share of the burden of producing respectful, responsible citizens. Along with traditional academic subjects, schools must teach acceptable standards of conduct and the attitudes and attributes that foster them. This book provides ways to help teachers instill…

Designed to help improve the staff-to-student communication style in schools, this book shows practitioners how to go from adversarial approaches to caring and helping--without losing control of the situation. The book offers time-tested methods that counselors and therapists have used successfully for years, methods that can be modified for…

Early childhood educators recognize the importance and validity of observing children's activities in the classroom, documenting them in an organized format, and assessing them in relation to the range of expected outcomes for children in that grade. Experienced teachers, however, know that the process of observing, documenting, and assessing…

Learning communities, freshman interest groups, or cluster classes are a relatively new trend on college and university campuses. In addition to improving freshman retention and performance, these courses create a bridge between the basic course and other courses. Learning communities are curricular structures that promote academic success by…

This study examined the long-term effects of youth exchange, specifically the degree to which former participants actually utilized results of the exchange after their return to their home country. The research focused on Germans and Americans who, as teenagers, experienced home stays in the other country between 1951 and 1987. Respondents were…

This study evaluated the effects of Integrative Gestalt Therapy on the intellectual aspects of social competence in 13 children, ages 7 to 11, living in Zagreb, Croatia. These children had intellectual disabilities (IQ 54 to 84) as well as psychological and/or behavior problems. Integrative Gestalt Therapy emphasizes the wholeness of a person's…

Compiled in 1994 by participating departments and the Student Outcomes Assessment Committee at Washington's Highline Community College, this booklet lists and explains expected student outcomes and abilities across the curriculum and within departments. The first section describes college-wide student outcomes in the following nine areas: thinking…

The inverse relation between academic motivation and substance use has been well established, but the direction of the influence remains to be specified; two possible influences are the mediating and moderating effects of family relationships and self-esteem. In this study, investigators used General Estimating Equation (GEE) models based on data…

This theme issue of a newsletter for academically talented youth focuses on getting the best precollege education. It encourages students to take responsibility for their own learning by becoming aware of all the options their school offers; making use of them; supplementing and enriching the basic school curriculum; and participating in…

This study examined the effect of student work experience on college outcomes, surveying 155 sophomores, juniors, and seniors at two higher education institutions: a small liberal arts college with a work-study emphasis and a large public university with a strong history of work-study programs. Data were collected using the College Student…

Five issues of the journal of the California Association for the Gifted comprise this document. The first issue focuses on the contributions of the late Jeanne Delp, a leading California educator. Articles by Delp include: "Who is Virgil T. Frey?,""How to Live Successfully with the Gifted Child,""Strangers among the…

This article offers four explanations of why outcome-based education (OBE) has proven to be so controversial. First, OBE requires consideration of the central purposes of compulsory public education, on which there is sharp philosophical disagreement, and the outcome-defining process involves input from many groups with many different…