The International Reading Association conference papers selected for this publication focus on the problems of teaching reading to the disadvantaged. The learner's background in language and experience, the teacher's goals and measures of potential and achievement, and the school's adjustment of program and instruction are all factors that affect…

The 4-H handbook focuses on factors to consider and things to be done when developing a camping program. Since the emphasis, structure, and administration of 4-H camping varies, the booklet is flexible enough to be adapted to different state, district, and county situations. Major topics are camping's importance to extension education,…

The first part of the report presents projects in the operational, evaluative, or exploratory research phase from December 16, 1972 to April 15, 1974. The second part reviews the projects and products completed during the period from December 16, 1970 to December 15, 1971. Training materials and reports evolving from the research are listed as…

Youth manpower programs, despite their accumulated expertise in serving disadvantaged school dropouts, have been allocated a subsidiary, compensatory role in serving those youth who experience difficulty with formal education methods. The Experimental Manpower Laboratory at Mobilization for Youth has proposed to the New York City Board of…

This study attempted to evaluate the effects on pupil performance of three and four years of intensive oral language instruction in English or Spanish. The subjects were disadvantaged third and fourth grade Mexican-American children who had been members of experimental classes since first grade in the San Antonio Language Research Project. The…

This informal study sought to determine the effectiveness of paraprofessionals in extension work dealing with the development and expansion of youth programs in disadvantaged areas of St. Louis. Program objectives were: (1) to reach more youth in educational programs sensitive to the life style of urban youth; (2) to develop new ways of recruiting…

This report describes the experimental design, presents the contract provisions, and provides conclusions and recommendations. The document is comprised of five chapters that discuss (1) the statistical analysis methods used, (2) the problems of using standardized tests in performance contracting, (3) the contractual procedures between OEO and the…

In a study of ways of preventing mental retardation in the population of a city slum, surveys were conducted. The major finding was that the variable of maternal intelligence was the best single predictor of the level and character of intellectual development in the offspring. The survey also showed that the lower the maternal IQ, the greater the…

The implications for American education today in reforms initiated at the Federal level in finance, research, curriculum, accountability, and administration were discussed by the U. S. Commissioner of Education. The financial reforms focus on revenue sharing. In the research area, Commissioner Marland discusses the proposed National Institute of…

Progress during the first two years (1967-1968 and 1968-1969) of a three-year home-based, mother-child intervention program called the Verbal Interaction Project is described. The project was planned for the cognitive enrichment of preschoolers 2 to 4 years old, from lower income families. The program utilized specially trained home visitors,…

The purpose of the study was to determine whether mathematical concepts could be learned and retained by disadvantaged preschool children when taught by an inexperienced teacher. College sophomores used printed lesson plans with no further instruction with 94 severely disadvantaged children attending either Headstart schools of Day Care Centers in…

This research is an attempt to determine the relative influence of Black English and Puerto Rican Spanish in the speech of Puerto Ricans raised contiguous to the black community in Harlem. The first chapter provides a general introduction to the study of this variety of Puerto Rican English and a description of the sample on which this study is…

The Homework Help Program, funded under Title I of the 1965 Elementary and Secondary Education Act, has the following objectives: (1) to encourage high school and college students from low income areas to remain in school through economic assistance; (2) to present a new opportunity for these students to achieve success; (3) to motivate these high…

The purpose of this study was to: (1) compare the book selection preferences of inner-city and suburban fourth and sixth grade children, and (2) determine if children consistently chose books according to categories of literature. Comparison of inner-city and suburban students of the same sex and reading level provided a control for sex and…

Third year results (Grade 2) are reported for the Initial Teaching Alphabet (i.t.a.) study, selected as an experimental reading medium because its symbol-sound consistency makes learning to read a simpler task. Instruction was begun at the kindergarten level. The study investigated whether the i.t.a. program helps improve the reading skills of the…