Between 1974 and 1976 the Two-Year College Development Center conducted a project to provide cognitive style information to faculty, counselors, and administrators at 21 two-year colleges in New York through a series of seminars and workshops. During 1976, the project focused on four questions identified as crucial to the application of cognitive…

Reports on a study designed to provide a profile of the learning styles of members of the American Chemical Society. Indicates that chemists tend to be more alike than different in their approach to learning. Suggests that chemists tend to be convergers preferring active experimentation more than reflective observation. (TW)

This second in a series of articles on artificial intelligence emphasizes human factors. The design of video display units and keyboards is discussed, the organizational structure of human memory is described, humans are examined as information processors using inductive and deductive reasoning, and educational implications are explored. (LRW)

Determined whether specific personality characteristics of group leaders predict group members' evaluations of leaders and of the group experience in self-exploration groups. Assessed group leader and group member state anxiety, trait anxiety, and cognitive style. Found significant effects for initial group rating and leader evaluation, and none…

Suggests that the European perspective on adult second language learning provides important background information for adapting such instruction for American adults. Factors discussed include: adults' specific learning biographies; motivation; learning styles; individual differences; teacher-student partnerships; language skill development and…

Reports on a study done at Aberdeen University (England) which assessed the learning styles of first-year medical students. Results indicated that these students scored higher than other students in achievement (including study methods and competitiveness) and prediction for success. Includes the instrument used. (TW)

Introduces a collection of papers presented at a symposium on the situationally-specific character of problem-solving practices. Reports that findings provoke speculation about relations among social contexts, knowledge and activity, and relations between school-learned problem-solving techniques and those used in other settings. (KH)

Argues that mismatches between home and classroom environments play an important part in accounting for the low academic performance of many low-status, especially minority, students. Discusses approaches emphasizing cooperative learning and individualized instruction for use with culturally different students in desegregated settings. (RDN)

This study compared achievement of students learning programing in pairs and individually and examined relationships between cognitive abilities, style, and demographics. No differences were found in programing outcomes, but mathematics and verbal ability best predicted individual setting outcomes, while nonverbal reasoning, spatial ability, and…

Literature used to support hypothesis that enrollment in high school mathematics plays critical role in determining careers in science provided no convincing evidence. Reexamination examination of data on gender differences in rate of decline in mathematics enrollments suggested differences were too small to account for large gender differences in…

Discusses methodology and results of a study which uses the distinction between deep-level and surface-level approach, to examine the way first-year psychology students tackle studying of a text, and extent to which these study strategies are related to student views on learning conceptions and the quality of learning outcome. (MBR)

Examines childrens' conceptual frameworks and, recognizing that they may be inaccurate, proposes such teaching strategies to aid students in modifying inadequate frameworks as: asking for ideas, listening respectfully, providing guided experiences, and encouraging discussion in non-threatening settings. Stresses learning as an active, thinking,…

This book offers suggestions to primary schools about how they can improve their work in preparing children for a rapidly changing world. Chapter 1 sets the stage by considering various definitions of educational improvement, efficacy, and goals. Chapter 2 assesses research on school effectiveness and critically considers components of school…

This book aims to empower students and teachers to take a fresh look at the learning process. It guides students to become aware of their learning styles and to develop strategies to make their language learning successful. The book includes the following features: questionnaires in every chapter to help learners assess their learning styles;…

This book presents a multisensory approach for teaching language arts skills to students in grades 3-10 with learning disabilities. It is intended for teachers, parents, speech-language pathologists, and other professionals who work with students with learning disabilities. An introduction discusses multisensory instruction and the benefits of…