This study investigated significant relationships between youth assets and youth alcohol, tobacco, and drug use that differ according to family structure (one- or two-parent households). Data were collected from a randomly sampled inner-city population (n=1,256 teenagers and 1,256 parents of the teenagers) using in-home, in-person interviews.…

The authors surveyed a national sample of master's-level counseling students regarding their multicultural training experiences and their multicultural counseling competencies. A series of hierarchical regression models tested the prediction of inventoried competencies from measures of selected training experiences: (a) program cultural ambience…

Despite the role that institutional service plays in the tenure and promotion process, quantitative research in this area has focused on the percentage of time spent on service and administration, with little research on specific aspects of faculty service. Committee work, one of the most important parts of faculty service, has been particularly…

While it is generally acknowledged that metalinguistic awareness plays a role in decoding ability (National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 2000), less is known about the role metalinguistic awareness plays in comprehension. In the present study, structural riddles and ambiguous sentences differing in the source of linguistic…

Background: Academic self-handicapping refers to the use of impediments to successful performance on academic tasks. Previous studies have shown that it is related to personal achievement goals. A performance goal orientation is a positive predictor of self-handicapping, whereas a task goal orientation is unrelated to self-handicapping. Aims: The…

The purpose of this study was to assess personal and interpersonal variables as predictors of college adjustment among a sample of 883 freshmen. Specifically, we examined the extent to which self-esteem, parental education, parental support, and peer support predicted adjustment during the first year of college. Furthermore, we were interested in…

This study focused on the relationship between Kolb learning styles and the enduring time of online learning behaviors, the relationship between Kolb learning styles and learning outcomes and the relationship between learning outcomes and the enduring time of a variety of different online learning behaviors. Prior to the experiment, 104 students…

This report focuses on two aspects of teacher supply and quality: (a) the under-representation of racial/ethnic minorities, especially African Americans in the teaching pool, and (b) teacher candidates' performance on licensure assessments, including general skills tests in reading, writing, and mathematics (known as Praxis I[R]) and selected…

This report is a follow-up to "Gaining Ground in the Middle Grades" (Williams, Kirst, Haertel, et al., 2010). That study specified a comprehensive set of actionable practices that differentiated higher academic achievement among 303 middle grades schools in California. In doing so, the study provided a compelling and coherent account of…

The question of least-squares weights versus equal weights has been a subject of great interest to researchers for over 60 years. Several researchers have compared the efficiency of equal weights and that of least-squares weights under different conditions. Recently, S. V. Paunonen and R. C. Gardner stressed that the necessary and sufficient…

Forty-three high school students (14 poor, 13 average, and 16 good readers) were given three different measures of memory capacity to determine if they differed in working memory, traditional memory span, and chunking capacity. Several experimental tasks followed to determine if differences in the memory factors were related to specific components…

The growth curve approach to the measurement of gain of D. Rogosa, D. Brandt, and M. Zimowski (1982) was more fully developed by J. B. Willet and D. Rogosa (1985). Willet later (1989) discussed some practical aspects of applying a linear growth model and reached the conclusion that reliability may not always be a useful index for the measurement…

Model-based methods for estimating the population mean in stratified clustered sampling are described. The importance of adjusting the weights is assessed by an approach considering the sampling variation of the adjusted weights and its (variance) components. The resulting estimators are more efficient than the jackknife estimators for a variety…

This generic science education study demonstrates the contrast of findings obtained through analyzing all the raw data as opposed to removing various combinations of identified potential outliers provided through the application of six diagnostic procedures. Outliers are defined as extreme data points with large residuals. It is argued that an…

The scree test and its linear regression technique are reviewed, and results of its use in factor analysis and Delphi data sets are described. The scree test was originally a visual approach for making judgments about eigenvalues, which considered the relationships of the eigenvalues to one another as well as their actual values. The graph that is…