Looks at the simultaneous labor force participation and hours of work decisions for Japanese wives, both employees and family workers. Although the estimated aggregate wage and income fluctuations for employees are somewhat higher than previous estimates for the United States, they are of the same order of magnitude. (JOW)

Used data from a sample of 1,070 married Protestants and Catholics to examine the relationship between religious homogamy and marital happiness. Religious bodies were classified into six categories and then used to develop a measure of heterogamy or religious distance. Found the larger the religious distance, the greater the likelihood of…

Discusses effects of women's employment on formation and dissolution of marriages, marital quality, and spouse health and well-being. Examines research on division of housework and relation to power and equity, and issues related to interaction of husbands' and wives' jobs. Also looks at effects on fertility, outcomes for children, and relations…

Proposes way of resolving competing hypotheses about class identification among employed married women. Asserts that employed married women who believe in traditional gender role norms consider only husband's characteristics in deciding their own class identification; women who believe in egalitarian gender role norms consider both their own and…

Examined relationship of family life satisfaction to division of household work between men and women among married Black adults. Found women almost twice as likely as men to feel overworked by household work; people who felt overworked had lower levels of family life satisfaction. Found interactions among family life satisfaction, division of…

Analyzes women (n=6) whose husbands reside in nursing homes, determining the extent to which these women perceive themselves as married. Some women perceive no existing couplehood with their institutionalized husbands, while others perceive low to high couplehood. Offers implications of such a typology for researchers, clinicians, and…

Longitudinally examined effects of infertility on marital and global life quality with 174 infertile couples and 74 fertile couples. By third interview, 42% of infertile couples and 36% of fertile couples were parents. Psychosocial predictors of life quality were highly similar for members of infertile and fertile couples and for couples with and…

Investigated husbands' contributions to household labor in first-married couples with biological children and in remarried couples with biological children only, stepchildren only, and both biological and stepchildren. Absolute and relative contributions to total household labor did not differ significantly across family types, but husbands in…

Explored how wife's employment and gender-role attitudes of both spouses affect perceptions of marital quality of husbands and wives. Data from 452 married couples suggest that gender-role attitudes are more important than wife's employment characteristics in determining the perceived quality of marriages. Gender-role variables interacted with…

Examined demographic and attitudinal differences between housewives and employed wives in 1972 and 1986. Demographic and attitudinal differences were larger in 1986 than in 1972; major divergence was between housewives and full-time employees; part timers appeared more like housewives. Housewives were increasingly likely to hold traditional…

Qualitative study of 27 couples who experienced pregnancy loss and infant death explored emotional support that spouses give to partners. In most couples, support was described by both couples as mutual. Among all who provided mutual support, most perceived fairly even exchange. Couples who provided little support to each other were helped by peer…

Used longitudinal design to evaluate association between affective features of premarital communication and postmarital relationship satisfaction. Found disengagement at premarriage negatively associated with marital satisfaction at 18 (n=84) and 30 (n=72) months after marriage. Negativity of premarital affective expression correlated negatively…

Conceptualizes separation-individuation conflicts in caregivers as behavior under dual control of nonverbal and verbal antecedents and consequences of others and dysfunctional self-rules of caregiver. Describes two types of treatment in context of case study: changing caregiver's problem behaviors by training nursing home staff and teaching…

Compared combined 4-session communication skills training and 8-session Emotionally Focused couples therapy (EFT) to 12 sessions of EFT and to wait-list control. Both treatments achieved superior gains at posttest compared to control group on measures of marital adjustment and target complaint improvement (but not on intimacy and passionate love),…

Administered Texas Inventory of Grief to and conducted interviews with 81 widows between the ages of 26 and 82. Compared to younger women, older women showed more intense grief at time of interview and reported more feelings of anxiety and depression. Findings showed that older women did not tolerate or adapt to bereavement more successfully than…