Demonstrating the differential effectiveness of instructional approaches for learners is difficult because learners differ on multiple dimensions. The present study tests a person-centered approach to investigating differential effectiveness, in this case of reading instruction. In N = 517 German third-grade students, latent profile analysis…

Purpose: The purpose of this Delphi study was to identify the essential political competencies needed by current or future superintendents when presented with challenges. Conceptual Framework. The conceptual framework for this study integrated elements of Adaptive Leadership, Political Intelligence, and the Taxonomy of Leadership Competencies to…

The science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) sciences play a pivotal role in developing nations, both in terms of developing newer and better solutions to problems and also in the approach used to solve those problems. An excellent predictor of future success in the STEM sciences is the ability to mentally manipulate shapes, also…

Purpose: Developmental language disorder (DLD) is characterized by persistent and unexplained difficulties in language development. Accumulating evidence shows that children with DLD also present with deficits in other cognitive domains, such as executive functioning (EF). There is an ongoing debate on whether exclusively verbal EF abilities are…

This study examined whether particular practices in story retelling improve children's comprehension of story structure and enables them to further comment on the story content. Eighty-three (83) kindergarten children (M = 5.4) years old composed the experimental (N = 43) and the control (N = 40) groups. For 6 weeks, one time per week, six…

The comprehension of signed language requires linguistic and visual-spatial processing, such as perspective-taking for correctly interpreting the layout of a spatial scene. However, little is known about how adult second-language (L2) learners process visual-spatial constructions in a signed language that they are studying, including which angles…

Newly registered nurses' emergency response capability falls short of their employers' expectations. Therefore, they need to develop this ability to cope with various changes in the clinic. Unfortunately, traditional learning has not been good enough in cultivating nursing skills and fostering self-directed learning which plays a key role in the…

Traditional pattern teaching is an essential part of cultivating artistic quality, which is confronted with cognitive and motivational problems of teenagers. As a teaching strategy, schema theory attaches importance to the students' knowledge construction, which can reduce the cognitive difficulties caused by the increase of knowledge difficulty.…

English is the main "lingua franca" among the various ethnolinguistic groups in Fiji. This results in a sociocultural problem when students enter universities from different high school backgrounds. To this end, this study analysed the level of difference in writing abilities at the beginning of the first year of study and at the end of…

This action-research dissertation explored how Standard Age Scores on the "Cognitive Abilities Test™" ("CogAT®") (Cognitive Abilities Test) Screening Form of underserved populations, as identified through gifted literature, compared to those students who are traditionally overserved with mental gifted identification within the…

Can teachers' inflated praise make children from low socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds seem less smart? We conducted two preregistered experiments to address this question. We used hypothetical scenarios to ensure experimental control. An experiment with primary school teachers (N = 106, ages 21-63) showed that when a child from a low-SES…

The problem of the lack of teacher innovation in learning is the main factor in the occurrence of a boring classroom atmosphere, so students often experience difficulties in learning certain materials. The objective of this study is to determine the cognitive abilities of elementary school students by using media and a cooperative learning model…

This article assessed changes in the association between single motherhood and children's verbal cognitive ability at age-11 using data from three cohorts of British children, born in 1958 (n = 10,675), 1970 (n = 8,933) and 2000 (n = 9,989), and mediation analysis. Consistent with previous studies, direct effects were small and insignificant. For…

This study examined mathematics achievement in school-aged children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), or typical development (TD) over a 30-month period and the associations between cognitive and reading abilities with mathematics achievement in children with ASD. Seventy-seven…

It is important to identify cognitive and achievement characteristics that differentiate students who are twice exceptional because they are gifted and have a learning disability (2e-LD) from gifted and average ability peers because this information informs empirically-based identification and support systems for this population. In this study, I…