As studies of organizational development have focused increasingly in recent years on stages of decline and death, theories of revolutionary adaptation have gained currency. The theory of organizational retrenchment developed in this paper is divided into five chronological stages: (1) preresponse, (2) emerging awareness and buying time, (3) alarm…

Regional analysis is central to applied geographic research, contributing to better planning and policy development for a variety of societal problems facing the United States. The development of energy policy serves as an illustration of the capabilities of this type of analysis. The United States has had little success in formulating a national…

This report presents the conceptual framework and major features of the new design for the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) as conducted by Educational Testing Service beginning July 1983. It comprises three major chapters. The first chapter reviews the social and environmental changes that demand reconsideration of NAEP. The new…

An approach to building an effective training and development (T&D) process within postsecondary institutions is described. The process involves three distinct phases: developing an inservice skills training program, institutionalizing an on-the-job career development process, and conducting organizational development activities. The focus of the…

The General Accounting Office (GAO) commented on H.R. 2039, which would amend both the adult and youth titles of the Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA). GAO's analysis suggested the following: (1) although H.R. 2039 proposes to target greater resources to those who are hard to serve by requiring that 50 percent of adult JTPA participants have one…

The internal structure and correlates of the South Carolina State Department of Education's Needs Assessment Instruments (NAIs) for teachers, parents, and students were examined for 61, 61, and 36 schools, respectively. The NAIs are questionnaires that assess six indicators of school effectiveness: (1) instructional leadership of the principal;…

The three issue papers in this document contain the recommendations made by a Working Group on Youth Service America (YSA) regarding pending and proposed youth service legislation. "Recommendations to the President about the Youth Entering Service to America Foundation" discusses youth service and its mission. Operating tenets for the…

Three papers presented to The Task Force on Education and Economic Development of The National Conference of Lieutenant Governors are as follows: "Education and American Resurgence" (Frank Newman); "State Economic Development and Education: A Framework for Policy Development" (Mark S. Tucker); and "State Policy on Partnerships Between Higher…

This paper discusses the incongruity among education's multiplicity of conflicting actors, theories, and values that affect curriculum decision-making. This discussion is divided into three major concerns: sociopolitical, professional, and student. Sociopolitical concerns include the impact of peace, war, human sexuality, environment, work and…

This digest discusses the issue of school-based management (SBM), defined as a system of administration in which the school is the primary unit of educational decision making. Responsibility for certain decisions about the budget, personnel, and the curriculum is placed at the school level rather than the district level. Several aspects of SBM are…

This document comprises testimony delivered before the House Subcommittee on Select Revenue Measures on the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit created by the Tax Reform Act of 1986, and on the role of tax policy in preserving the stock of low-income housing. The effectiveness of the low-income credit program is discussed and strategies to improve it…

Conceptualizing high local fiscal stress as a variable which includes low fiscal capacity, high local tax effort and high local need requires building a typology reflecting this conceptualization. This study builds such a typology for 166 counties in the northeastern United States and examines the effects of variables taken from a series of…

The program review process in Kansas Regent's institutions was studied, based on Guba's three policy types: policy-in-intention (statements about policy); policy-in-implementation (behaviors/activities found in the process of implementing policy); and policy-in-experience (constructions/perceptions of individuals as they experienced the policy…

Egypt's educational system has divided its attention among a series of humanistic, social, and economic goals. Recently, however, the increasingly rapid pace of technological change within the country has caused Egyptian educational policymakers to place greater emphasis on reforming and updating its technical education system. The approach to…

A meta-analysis of theoretical debates concerned with the assessment of risk associated with the use of nuclear power as an energy source is presented in this paper. Based on a central premise that risk assessment has a direct impact on national policy decisions and is associated with different perspectives reflective of different social sectors,…