The National Assessment of Vocational Education (NAVE) examined how the federal law was implemented and federal funds were distributed under the Carl D. Perkins Vocational Education Act of 1984. Data were reported on targeting of resources among and within states and on the uses of federal funds, and implications were drawn from the findings. The…

This document comprises reviews of recent studies on the influence of classroom environment; curriculum tracking; child, parent and teacher beliefs; and middle school environment on the achievement of high risk students. Chapter 1, "Competitive, Cooperative, and Individualistic Structures of Classroom Learning," reports on the negative effect of…

This report summarizes research on the problems of young adolescent latchkey children and describes 18 programs designed to address their needs. There is growing consensus that young adolescents (10 to 15 years of age), as well as elementary school children, may be at risk when left on a regular basis in unsupervised settings. Children in sibling-…

The first National Education Goal agreed to be President Bush and the nation's governors is that all children will start school ready to learn. The first objective under that goal is that of providing high quality and developmentally appropriate preschool programs for all disadvantaged and disabled children. This paper seeks to assist efforts to…

This paper proposes a cooperative program between Pennsylvania State University (PSU) and Erie (Pennsylvania) Public Schools to encourage at-risk secondary school students to stay in school and aspire to a college education. The program involves the staged implementaiton of the following components: (1) an after-school "academy" to…

The purpose of this report is to describe the programs that make up Oregon's Disadvantaged Child Project (DCP) and document the ways in which students benefited from participation. The DCP was established in 1967 to provide supplemental services to children in low-income and culturally deprived areas. The project contains three major components:…

This report reviews the literature on high-risk students at the higher education level in terms of the following questions: are high-risk students and nontraditional students the same? what is the impact of high-risk students on institutions of higher education? are high-risk students treated differently in elementary and secondary schools? do…

This draft report describes the Rhode Island state plan to implement Section 772(e) of the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act (the McKinney Act) under Title VII, Subtitle B of the Act, which provides for education for homeless children and youth. The plan addresses the following issues: (1) school placement; (2) dispute resolution; (3)…

The squeaky wheel method of policy implementation takes place when policy mandates are not implemented by need, but by the kind and amount of external influence mobilized on behalf of policy recipients. Case studies of three rural students with severe disabilities demonstrated that the services each child received were dependent on the strength of…

This national and state review provides a synthesis of current thinking and practice concerning prekindergarten programs in public schools. Section I discusses the need for preschool programs in terms of the changing family and workforce, the baby "boomlet," and socioeconomic factors. Section II reviews early childhood programs,…

A project was begun in 1978 to test the feasibility of a high-skill training program that would prepare welfare recipients for well-paying jobs in the private sector. The training for this specially selected Work Incentive Program (WIN) was to be provided by two Bell and Howell schools, one in Columbus, Ohio, and the other in Chicago. Training…

A study was conducted to determine the Los Angeles Community College District's (LACCD's) role in meeting the educational needs of disadvantaged youth, i.e., individuals aged 16 to 21 who are basic skills deficient, financially disadvantaged, or socially or personally deprived. The study was based on a review of the literature on disadvantaged…

Attitudes of eighth graders toward vocational education were measured, and the relationship of these attitudes to high school educational program preference (vocational, general, or college preparatory) was determined. The study was also designed to ascertain differences on the basis of disadvantagement, race, and sex. Subjects were 306 students…

The federal government's financial commitment to children and youth since the mid-1960's is examined, using data from the U.S. Bureau of the Census and from relevant government agencies. The report is divided into four chapters and appendices. Chapter one analyzes the portion of the federal budget devoted to youth from 1964 to 1980, types of…

The federal government's financial commitment to children and youth since the mid-1960's is examined. Data were obtained from U.S. Bureau of Census reports and from relevant government agencies. The report focuses on trends in federal expenditures for youth, public expenditures for youth in Houston and New York City, equity in the distribution of…