Describes two approaches to teaching vocational English as a second language: (1) describing work activities in terms of processes and procedures and (2) describing work activities in terms of specific human behaviors. Suggests a goal analysis as an initial step before deciding which approach to take in any training project. (SED)

Applies a socio-psychological approach to social systems to examine the community mental health center (CMHC) movement, traces the historical evolution of the task mandate and the professional and organizational structures of the CMHCs to their legislative origins and considers possible future directions of the CMHC movement. (Author/JM)

The author presents a step-by-step procedure for home economics teachers to follow with their students in gathering information in their own communities about what homemakers do. The information can then be used in planning a program to prepare young people for the occupation of homemaking. (AJ)

This digest discusses using scaffolding instruction to optimize student learning by providing a supportive environment while facilitating student independence. It begins by identifying the following eight essential elements of scaffolding instruction that teachers can use as general guidelines: (1) pre-engagement with the student and the…

This document addresses how well ARC's computerized placement tests (Compass) assist individuals in reaching informed decisions about enrolling in selected courses, including English composition, reading, mathematics, and ESL. The document addresses the question of whether Compass scores add any relevant information in the decision-making process…

This paper describes the creation and evaluation of a World Wide Web-based courseware module, using conceptual models based on constructivism, that teaches novices how to use the Internet for searching. Questionnaires and interviews were used to understand the difficulties of a group of novices. The conceptual model of the experts for the task was…

This paper provides guidelines for the use of videotape recordings for systematic instruction in functional skills for students with moderate to severe disabilities. Four examples illustrate use of videotapes to teach community skills (e.g., crossing a street) to secondary students with moderate disabilities; self care skills (e.g., zipping a…

Described is the approach to evaluating student progress in the Iowa Braille and Sight Saving School which is based upon observable behaviors in all subject areas from kindergarten through grade 12. (MC)

A discussion of research on the use of the task analysis procedures by both content specialists and instructional psychologists in instructional design. (HB)

A modified role projection technique is used to determine the effects of subordinate competence and task complexity on perceptions of leadership behavior. It is hypothesized that subordinates hold expectations of the proper level of structuring that their supervisors should provide. (Author/DN)

The overwhelming shortage of trained counselors, suggests an approach which makes more effective use of available personnel. A team approach, using a counselor, a guidance worker and paraprofessionals, is described which permits the counselor to do more counseling and consultation, and less guidance and administrative work. (CJ)

A validation study in the development of empirical measures of teacher stress is presented. Role-related, task-based, and environmental stress measures demonstrated internal consistency and provided reliable and valid multivariate assessment of teacher stress. (PN)

Techniques of competency identification, module preparation, and learning management are discussed in "An Effective Measurement of Performance" by Kenneth Allen; "The Making of a Module" by Jan Danford; and "Managing a CBVE Classroom" by Sonja Irlbeck. (SK)