Shows how new developments such as changes in curricula and in the nature of the student population have drawn attention to the training needs of further education teachers. Discusses complexities of policy, needs assessment, orientation, and management. (SK)

Discusses the planning and preparation necessary to make field trips economically justifiable and educationally worthwhile. Student orientations and positive motivation are essential for successful fieldtrips. A description of a well-planned field trip to Rockport, Massachusetts, for a high school portfolio art class is included. (AM)

Studied effects of four types of orientation approaches on disadvantaged Black freshmen students' attitudes toward discussing problems with counseling center staff, knowledge of counseling center services, and perceived use of the counseling center to discuss problems in the future. Showed small group orientation the most effective method. (RC)

This study considers both meaning and mediation factors in the achievement-aspiration relationship. Results show that women's aspirations for traditional career rewards are largely a function of their perceptions of the structural availability of job opportunity. (CT)

The author suggests children's books and interdisciplinary activities that deal with the changes and adjustments that children face at the beginning of a school year: learning names, meeting new people, and overcoming the fear of being different. (SJL)

Demonstrates that approach gradients can be steeper than avoidance gradients. An individual with an avoidance-approach conflict, placed on the goal side of the intersection of the gradients, would enthusiastically approach a goal previously avoided. Implications of avoidance-approach conflict are discussed. (Author/BEF)

A technique that consultants may use to help their clients define, value, and assess goals, the card sort may be used to establish goals for systematic designs addressing instructional, individual, or organizational problems. Examples illustrate its use and three references are listed. (Author/CHC)

Illustrates some of the principles of consultation, describing a year-long consultation to a department of psychiatry under new leadership. The aspects of consultation described include: (1) the consultation request; (2) the orientation of consultant and consultee; (3) the consultation contract; and (4) the consultation process. (Author)

What should the inservice training program for new graduates from a variety of educational backgrounds consist of? A study designed to answer this and other related questions found that most educational programs do not satisfactorily prepare their graduates for hospital nursing service. (Author)

Describes two experiments designed to test the effects of self-management strategies on journal writing by beginning college writers. (HOD)

The large university library can be an intimidating place for entering students. Effective orientation through the use of "silent comedy" films can show students that the library has a human side and is easy to use. (Author/MK)

Describes an adolescent outpatient pretherapy training and orientation program considered to have speeded group cohesion; increased expression of positive expectations; reduced time-wasting discussion; decreased concerns over confidentiality; and facilitated verbal feedback skills. (Author/DB)

Contends that students are not only passive respondents to external forces which determine school crime; rather, student social structures and subcultures are potential forces influencing school crime and the larger criminal and noncriminal communities. Preliminary data related to this thesis are reported. (RMH)

This article describes the transition program at Goodyear Junior High in Akron, Ohio. Beginning in the spring, it helps reduce the adjustment anxiety of sixth graders and their parents by familiarizing them with the school and preparing them for the junior high school experience. Some evaluative feedback is cited. (SJL)

Presents a three-day unit designed to help adolescents identify their life-time goals, analyze how people show commitment to goals, and determine their personal commitment to their own long-term goals. (LRA)