Examined gender differences in stresses associated with two-income marriages and impact of stresses on spouses' psychological well-being in national sample of employed women and husbands. Found the effect for husband's attitude for psychological well-being was mediated by individual's social status. (Author/NB)

A random sample of 323 midwestern farm couples responded to a questionnaire designed to measure various aspects of family functioning, including life-style satisfaction and marital adjustment, as well as perceptions of stress and coping strategies. In general, couples reported high satisfaction with their life-style; however, stress was a…

Compared rural husbands and wives with urban husbands and wives over range of variables considered fundamental to marriage and family to explore differences by county of residence and by sex. Found that rural spouses were less well educated and more gender role traditional than were urban spouses. (Author/NB)

Reviews literature on exchange-orientation in relationship to marital adjustment and cohabitation and friendship compatibility. Presents revised exchange-orientation scale consisting of items which were judged relevant to exchange and which passed internal consistency tests and differentiated between high and low scorers. Includes various versions…

Delineates some characteristics of persons filing for divorce in California between 1966 and 1976. Findings showed that marriages endured separation longer when children were present. Duration of marriage appeared to decrease slightly over time, remaining much the same for couples regardless of age at marriage or of education. (Author/NB)

Explored relative decision-making authority of husbands and wives in 47 single-career and 54 dual-career families. Found that in dual-career families, husbands had less power and wives had more power than in single-career families. Relative power of spouses was not significantly different in two family types. Dual-career families were more…

Interaction data from 96 married couples in which the husband was an alcoholic, depressive, or normal control were coded with Marital Interaction Coding System and subjected to multidimensional scaling, principle components analysis, and transitional probability analyses. Resulting solutions indicated several clusters common across methods and…

Explored effects of unemployment on stress with 44 rural nonfarm families. Results revealed that increases in financial arguments were more predictive of stress than were actual changes in financial management, especially for wives. Avoidance coping was predictive of stress and mediated relationship between financial arguments and stress for both…

A questionnaire to 96 spouses of vocational agriculture teachers in West Virginia identified the major benefits and problems experienced by the spouses. The 60 respondents named job security and spouse's range of skills as benefits, work overload without additional compensation as a major problem. (JOW)

Evaluates the impact on spousal violence of shelters for battered women. Predicts that shelters will have beneficial effects only for battery victims who are already taking control of their lives. For other women, a shelter stay may in the short run encourage retaliation. (Author/ABB)

Religious commitment is found to differentiate levels of both communication and physical violence for both wives and husbands in Quaker families. High levels of peace activism are associated with low levels of marital violence for wives but with high levels for husbands, which suggests that commitment to Quaker principles is confounded with…

Investigated reactions of rural housewives (N=95) to their husbands' retirement and factors associated with satisfaction of rural wives during the retirement years. Found a highly consistent relationship between joint decision-making by husband and wife and satisfaction of the wife in retirement. (Author/ABB)

Compares the compliance-gaining interactions of selected marital types determined by the Relational Dimensions Instrument. Concludes that the various marital types used are associated with different compliance-gaining communication patterns. (MS)

Explores how dyadic relationships can be affected when one partner suffers from genital herpes. Six patterns are described: When One Partner Does Not Know, The Compromise Relationship, The Enraged Partner, The Mark of Guilt, Problems in Risk Management, and Herpes Used as Weapon. Treatment strategies for dealing with patterns are offered.…

Examined change in men's housework and child-care time between 1965 and 1975. Results indicated men's housework or child-care time did not change significantly. Further, few systematic changes in housework and child care are observed for specific categories of men. Overall, the findings cast doubt on the supposed covergence of men's and women's…