Stresses the benefits of interorganizational relationships formed within an association of organizations. Consequences of abstaining from such groups may be self-interest, professional alienation and a weakened structure. The organizations discussed are the National Employment Counselors Association and the American Personnel and Guidance…

Examines the implications for education of Goodenough's cognitive view of culture and of the conception of culture as a learned, shared symbol system. Suggests that "the failure of American schools to achieve efficient academic instruction is in part a result of their relationship to the existing class structures of our society." (Author/JM)

Responding to the problem of an appropriate institutional structure to meet the needs of a clientele group dominated by the part-time student, the author focuses on the role of extension/continuing education's chief administrative officer and the policies governing the operational relationships between continuing education and other institutional…

Elders in the Japanese-American community are still largely Isseis, first-generation immigrants from Japan. Their cultural history, social conditions, language, values, and conflicts with younger Japanese-American groups are discussed, with the intention of increasing awareness of this minority within a minority. (Author)

Black, Chicano, and Anglo students from segregated and integrated schools perceived their ethnic groups as being less differentiated than outgroups. Students in integrated schools perceived outgroups as somewhat less differentiated than students in segregated schools. Intergroup contact, except between highly dissimilar groups, was not an…

Examined effects of planned encounters between religious and secular Jewish children and parents at a school in Jerusalem, Israel, on perceptions of religiosity and secularism. Results suggest that each group was aware of its affiliation, could discern similarities and differences, and did not have stereotyped perceptions. Social encounters…

Studied effects of presence of novel social category on intergroup attitude formation in 6- to 9-year olds. Found that after four weeks of the functional use of color groups, children's attitudes showed consistent biases favoring their own group. Children with higher self-esteem showed higher intergroup stereotyping than did children with lower…

Asks whether or not there is a need, which emerges inescapably during the course of human development, to identify some people as allies and others as enemies. In answering this question, it describes the potential for moral splitting within everyone, and the circumstances that activate this potential. (Author)

Provides specific strategies that college instructors can utilize to create a sense of community in their increasingly diverse classrooms. Included are some distinct characteristics that are considered critical to achieving "true community" on the college campus. (GR)

Examines social relationships between African Americans and Asian Americans living in the same geographical area. Perceptions and the impact of these perceptions on intergroup interaction are examined. Possible cognitive processes linked to interethnic interaction are considered, as are behavioral responses to such cognition. (GR)

A Polish study of foreign language (FL) interactional discourse concludes that strategic competence, consisting of the use of communication strategies in interactional discourse, plays a relatively unimportant role in the performance of low proficiency FL learners who are not used to taking part in interaction. (27 references) (LB)

Describes common problems faced by international students studying in the United States, including language and cultural difficulties both in and out of the classroom. Suggests that institutions of higher learning should assist in fostering mutual understanding between international and native students. (MAB)

The question of diversity is not how people who are different get along, but rather how people who once excluded others can now work, live, and learn with them as equals. Guidance can be found in the wisdom of many individuals, cultures, traditions, bodies of knowledge, and forms of practice. (MSE)

This article discusses gifted children's attitudes toward competition and draws a distinction between task-oriented competitive behavior, which is motivated by a desire to improve performance, and other-referenced competitive behavior, which is motivated primarily by a desire to outdo an opponent. Teachers and parents are urged to emphasize and…

Adventure programs should go beyond the "four Fs" of diversity activities (food, fashion, festivals, and facts) to explore differences and their implications for social justice. Possible group activities include sharing ethnic and family traditions surrounding a person's name and focusing on the cycle of socialization related to…