We studied instructional interactions through semi-structured observation of 13 student- teacher dyads involving elementary students with cognitive disabilities. Special educators' use of directions and responses of differing modes and types was analyzed. Student task-engagement behaviors (i.e., active engage, disruptive, passive on-task,…

This paper identifies three noncognitive domains relevant for academic achievement in K-12-- student engagement, behavioral learning strategies, and school climate. The paper also documents empirical findings that show relationships between these three noncognitive domains and academic achievement, especially in the areas of reading and…

As governors confront the worst state fiscal environment in the past 25 years, long-term prospects for strong economic growth are hampered by an immense underlying problem: the high school dropout crisis. At least one student in five drops out of school, and nearly 5 million 18- to 24-year-olds lack a high school diploma. Annually, dropouts cost…

This study explores the impact of an alternative teacher preparation program development from the "inside out" or through the voices of second career teachers, known as "Career Switchers," at a mid-size state university. The major objective of this study was to probe into their perceptions to inform program development with reporting framed in…

Growing concerns about the experience and achievement of Black pupils (especially Black males) underpin calls for more Black people to serve as teacher and lay mentor role models in schools. Calls for increased numbers of Black teacher role models assume firstly, that Black teachers regard themselves as role models and want to perform such a role…

As students lose traditional family structure, some studies indicate that their academic behavior may be affected. The purpose of this study is to measure the difference in achievement of high school students from single-parent homes compared to those from intact homes. The study is limited to Snook Independent School District (Texas),…

This reference is intended to provide teachers with a wide variety of intervention plans for responding to behavior, discipline, and motivation problems. While most interventions are based on behavioral research, others are derived from counseling, Adlerian psychology, social learning theory, and cognitive/behavior modification approaches. An…

This monograph explores the nature and development of aggression and violence in children and youth, especially as manifested within the school setting. It examines the extent of the problem, typical reactions to aggression and violence within the school, and the impact of these reactions on the behavior of students with emotional/behavior…

Almost every educator would agree that a well-maintained school building is essential for a proper learning environment. This paper presents findings of a study that examined the relationship between student achievement/behavior and school-building condition. A survey sent to all high schools (n=199) in North Dakota elicited responses from 120…

The 1995 "School Improvement Network Directory" is part of a series designed to facilitate information exchange and support among schools and districts involved in long-term school-improvement efforts. The directory provides information about 260 schools working with the school-based-management process, Onward to Excellence (OTE), to improve…

The purpose of this study was to determine whether a significant difference existed in the pretest/posttest self-reported academic and social-transitional anxieties of first-year community college students (n=356) at the start and at the end of their first semester of college enrollment. The study was conducted in the absence of a formal…

The purpose of this investigation was to explore the ideas and beliefs of high school science students (n=37) about the processes of observation in their learning of science, and how these students approached the task of observing during their science experiments. Findings include: many students saw observation as a teacher-directed process;…

Today's school children often come from homes that are dramatically different from those of 25 years ago. To help this new generation of students, many schools have developed advisor/advisee programs; tips on how a school can start such a program are covered in this booklet. Its main purpose is to outline the basic features of a successful program…

When students increasingly exhibited disruptive behavior at a particular school, a comprehensive multilevel discipline program was developed to respond to the students' behavior. The conceptual model and key intervention approaches used in this multilevel discipline program are described in this paper. Previous experience convinced school…

Based on a participant observation study of a full-day kindergarten in a North Carolina public school in 1994, this report argues that instructional transitions or classroom rituals act as rites of passage enabling children to disengage from their home roles, transition to school roles, and assume the moral identity of the student role. Portal…