Cognitive self-instructional (CSI) programs have been successful in improving problem-solving skills in many, but not all, children. The importance of understanding the influence of subject characteristics in self-control studies, while often ignored in actual research, has been repeatedly advocated verbally. This paper presents a study designed…

The reliability and validity of measurement is analyzed by a sampling model based on generalizability theory. A model for the relationship between a measurement procedure and an attribute is developed from an analysis of how measurements are used and interpreted in science. The model provides a basis for analyzing the concept of an error of…

TO OBSERVE 1966 TITLE I VOLUNTARY SUMMER SCHOOL PROJECTS, 27 CONSULTANTS TO THE NATIONAL ADVISORY COUNCIL ON THE EDUCATION OF DISADVANTAGED CHILDREN VISITED 86 SCHOOL DISTRICTS IN 43 STATES IN ORDER TO (1) GATHER FACTUAL DATA, (2) WRITE DETAILED PERSONAL IMPRESSIONS, (3) OFFER EVALUATIONS, AND (4) SUGGEST IMPROVEMENTS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF…

THE STUDY IS BASED ON INTERVIEWS WITH TEACHERS, ADMINISTRATORS, AND STUDENTS AND OBSERVATIONS MADE OF CLASSES. THE OBSERVATIONS ARE COMPARED WITH OBSERVATIONS MADE 2 YEARS BEFORE THE PROGRAM BEGAN. IT IS REPORTED THAT THE CLIMATE OF THE SCHOOL HAS IMPROVED NOTICEABLY. STUDENTS RESPOND WITH GREATER INTEREST AND SPONTANEITY. TEACHER ATTITUDES ARE…

THIS FACTOR ANALYTIC STUDY OF OSCAR (OBSERVATION SCHEDULE AND RECORDS) SCORES FOR CLASSROOM BEHAVIOR EMPLOYED RATINGS BY SUPERVISING FACULTY MEMBERS OF THE CLASSROOM BEHAVIORS OF 115 STUDENT TEACHERS AND THEIR PUPILS ON THREE OCCASIONS APPROXIMATELY 1 MONTH APART. FIVE FACTORS WHICH COULD BE INTERPRETED AS INDEPENDENT ASPECTS OF TEACHER AND PUPIL…

This paper presents (1) literature which indicates that blocks are considered boys' materials and are mainly used by boys, and (2) a description of a study designed to encourage girls' play with blocks. Sixteen 4-year-olds (eight boys and eight girls), were observed for 30 minutes by two observers during free play activities with blocks. In…

This paper presents a rationale for observing black mothers during semi-structured play activities with their toddlers. It appraises the strengths and weaknesses of such situational assessments of mother-infant dyads, arguing that in addition to observational data the collection of introspective interview data from mothers is essential. Interview…

The study examined whether there were differences in the quality of classroom time spent by 79 mainstreamed learning disabled fifth grade students and 141 regular fifth grade students; and also whether differences in qualtiy of time related to student, instructional, and classroom variables. Trained observers coded learner moves, content area, and…

In order to explore relationships among social cognitive ability, peer status and interpersonal behavior, the frequency of 11 different social actions was recorded with the target child being the agent of the recipient of the behavior. Twenty-three children from 3 to 8 years of age enrolled in an 8-week university summer school program were…

Case Studies in Science Education used a combined research approach of case study and survey to address the question of the status of science education in the United States. Nine experienced researchers with backgrounds in anthropology, sociology, educational psychology, and science education conducted eleven case studies. These field researchers…

The major purpose of this study was to present some findings relative to the benefits and the effectiveness of total learning in a full-day-kindergarten program as compared to the traditional half-day kindergarten program. To do this the Evansville-Vanderburgh School Corporation of Indiana, implemented and conducted a full-day kindergarten pilot…

Effective needs assessment is not an end in itself but a continuing means of meeting the needs of students and teachers. It is an integral part of other activities such as planning, operating, and evaluating school programs and teacher center activities. The key to comprehensive needs assessment is the support and cooperation of the teachers,…

The Situational Self-statement and Affective State Inventory, a research inventory comprised of five hypothetical situations involving interpersonal conflict, and a series of self-report measures of psychopathology were administered to 224 undergraduates to examine the correlational relationship between specific cognitions and affective states in…

More than 100 classroom communication observation instruments are surveyed and assessed from a communication-based perspective in this paper. In an overview, a schema designating three main types of approaches is established; they include behavioral descriptive, message functional, and cognitive/affective inferential observational categories.…

This study, part of a larger study on the effects of prosocial television and environmental variables on children's behavior, analyzed fantasy structure and content characteristics. Also investigated were possible effects of treatment and sex. Following a baseline period, 142 lower-class children were assigned to one of four experimental…