Research supported by the Office of Naval Research, Group Psychology Branch.

Two studies investigated treatments on the attribution and behavioral persistence of special education students (9 to 15 years old) labelled as helpless in arithmetic. In the first study (N=14), an attribution retraining treatment was effective in alleviating helplessness but not significantly more effective than a control treatment. In the second…

This study introduces the concept of Fault Tree Analysis as a systems tool and examines the implications of Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) as a technique for isolating failure modes in educational systems. A definition of FTA and discussion of its history, as it relates to education, are provided. The step by step process for implementation and use of…

THE AUTHOR, DIRECTOR OF THE ADVANCED PLACEMENT PROGRAM, COLLEGE ENTRANCE EXAMINATION BOARD, DEFENDED THE BOARD AGAINST CHARGES THAT THE PROGRAM IS AN "UNDEMOCRATIC MONEY-MAKING SCHEME." THE ADVANCED PLACEMENT PROGRAM IS MAINTAINED AT A LOSS BY THE CEEB. WHILE AMERICAN EDUCATION SEEKS TO EDUCATE ALL STUDENTS TO THE BEST OF THEIR ABILITY,…

GENERAL GUIDELINES ARE PROVIDED, WHICH MAY BE ADAPTED TO SPECIFIC PROBLEMS AND CONDITIONS IN INDIVIDUAL SCHOOL SYSTEMS. BACKGROUND MATERIAL DISTINGUISHES BETWEEN CORRECTIVE READING INSTRUCTION BY THE REGULAR TEACHER IN THE CLASSROOM AND REMEDIAL READING INVOLVING INSTRUCTION RECEIVED OUTSIDE THE REGULAR CLASSROOM. A REVIEW OF CAUSATIVE FACTORS IN…

Based on case studies of 15 all-news radio stations, this report isolates major factors contributing to the all-news format's frequent failure and assesses its potential for success. The history of the News and Information Service (NIS), which the NBC radio network operated between 1975 and 1977, serves as a backdrop for the information presented…

This study examines automatic indexing performed with a manually constructed thesaurus on a document collection of titles and abstracts of library science master's papers. Errors are identified when the meaning of a posted descriptor, as identified by context in the thesaurus, does not match that of the passage of text which occasioned the…

An analysis of "F" and "I" grades given at Harcum Junior College during the last five academic years reveals a long-term trend of substantial stability. The average percentage of "F" grades given was 3.7 percent (range= 2.8-5 percent). The average percentage of "I" grades given was 2.1 percent (range= 1-3…

A formulated definition of the term dyslexia is proposed in this paper in order to clarify the semantical confusion which exists among both specialists and the general public. Dyslexia is explained as a generic term for severe and puzzling reading disability, found to be both acute (where reading-age lags 25 percent or more below mental age) and…

The relationship between neurological impairment or brain damage and severe reading disability is investigated. Symptoms and causes of neurological impairment are listed, and reading disability theories are discussed. Smith and Carrigan offer a neurochemical explanation of reading disability based on synaptic transmission problems. Orton,…

Weiner, et al, (1971) presented a model of achievement-related behavior which outlined how causal ascriptions might mediate between stimulus conditions and achievement-oriented responses. This model assumed that individuals allocate the causes of success and failure to four elements (ability, effort, luck and task difficulty), and that each of…

Glasser builds his alternative, a "School Without Failure," on an analysis of what children need to achieve a successful identity and on an examination of the ways in which schools affect children to teach them failure. The author discusses the Glasser approach and describes an attempt to implement the approach in a Palo Alto elementary…

An index and procedure were sought which would enable university officials to establish the probable academic success of each student seeking readmission after academic dismissal. A 2.20 critical GPA index and procedure for readmitting students was empirically derived from the performance of 1,460 readmitted students. The critical index technique…

A rhetorical analysis of the letter of application and the vita used in applying for a teaching job in language and literature is used to provide practical advice to applicants. Of the many components of a full rhetorical analysis, three receive special attention: the rhetorical situation, some characteristics of the audience, and several features…

This check list points out many of the problems that lead to failing media centers. (Author)