In the frame of the international project, "Environment and School Initiatives," a pilot study has been carried out with the aim to elucidate existing levels of moral reasoning in environmental dilemmas (in analogy to Kohlberg) in a group of 11- and 15-year-old students. (LZ/Author)

Examined the variability in the development of moral judgment by reanalyzing a set of Kohlberg's data studies on the concept of structured wholeness, a deep cognitive organization unifying different surface judgments given by the same subject. Although the results failed to show total consistency they also show that it is not meaningful to claim…

Discusses the need for business ethics courses in undergraduate and graduate business degree programs. Describes reasons for and objections to such programs. Explains that business ethics instruction requires varied case studies, adequate teaching materials, cooperation between philosophers and business faculty, and instructors who are forthcoming…

Examined violent and nonviolent inner-city children's moral reasoning about violence in family and peer situations. All of the children condemned unprovoked violence. With provoked situations, the violent group focused more on the immorality of the provocation and perceived force akin to reciprocal justice, whereas the nonviolent group perceived…

Ongoing art forms within Native American communities challenge outside perceptions of what constitutes tradition and help maintain Native culture. In addition, inclusion of such "folk" arts in new museum exhibits is expanding the definition of American art, challenging the old European canon, and raising questions about legitimacy,…

Some of the confusion surrounding evaluations of case management results from lack of clarity about value frames used to arrive at judgments of the merit of case management. Six value frames commonly applied to human service evaluation are reviewed, and the relevance of each perspective is examined. (SLD)

The relationships of age, gender, and educational level with moral development in 94 middle-class 28- to 55-year-old adults (32 males and 62 females) were studied. Subjects were administered Kohlberg's Moral Judgment Interview (MJI). Males scored higher on the MJI than females. Findings support the continued development of moral judgment through…

In interviews and simulated decision-making tasks, eight Alberta principals identified seven social and political values, five basic human values, and three moral values affecting their school-based decisions. Values also influenced conflict resolution and were related to orientation to the principal role. Contains 20 references. (SV)

Maintains that although Kohlberg emphasized the importance of perspective taking in moral reasoning, his view of developmental stages is inconsistent with this position. Argues that a modification of Kohlberg's conception of stages drawing on Piagetian theory would result in a view of moral reasoning as a process of coordinating all perspectives…

Argues that curriculum reforms within developed nations do not define standards for student achievement in the visual arts and do little toward assisting the achievement of consistent and meaningful judgments of students' studio work. Proposes a "community as arbiter of quality" concept as an assessment strategy for visual arts. (DSK)

Supports the views espoused by Doug Boughton in his accompanying essay. Argues that there is an imperative to establish some form of generalizable standards in visual arts education in the face of pressures to cut less essential programs from school budgets. Expands on some of Boughton's points. (DSK)

Gains in moral judgement, as measured by the Defining Issues Test (DIT), correlate strongly with advancing education. Curricula that are strongly biblically based may not promote, and students with a strong fundamentalist orientation may not demonstrate, such moral growth. Students at an interdenominational, but very conservative seminary,…

Contrary to previous work in which task-related judgments are hypothesized to predict participation in small groups, the current study assumes that participation is both an outcome of and an influence on judgments of task-related ability. In this study, the association between task-relevant judgments and participation was examined at two points in…

Describes a study that compares the institutional values and priorities of faculty and administrators at Bemidji State University (MN). Finds that both groups identify the same values as being representative of an excellent university, but that some differences emerge as a result of the individuals' roles within the organization. (Contains 14…

Misconstruing the meaning of Cronbach's alpha, experts on facial attractiveness have conveyed the impression that facial-attractiveness judgment standards are largely shared. This claim is unsubstantiated, because information necessary for deciding whether judgments of facial attractiveness are more influenced by commonly shared or by privately…