Experienced secondary teachers completed a survey probing their feelings of personal efficacy toward teaching different classes. Teachers' performance expectancies varied among teaching assignments. Within-teacher factors accounted for 21 percent of the variance in teacher efficacy (TE). The influence of within-teacher factors on TE was moderated…

Analysis of the academic achievement of 71 business administration graduates indicated that scores on the Graduate Management Admissions Test (GMAT) are more significant predictors of graduate performance than undergraduate performance is. The relationship between graduate performance and GMAT score differs for black students and white students.…

Surveyed Israeli teachers to determine whether diversity related burnout was empirically distinguishable from general teacher burnout and explore the extent to which diversity related burnout was predicted by variables related to school cultural heterogeneity, organizational culture, and teacher background and attitudes. Diversity related burnout…

Examines the effects of negative affect on adolescent alcohol use among non-Hispanic White and Mexican American 9-12th grade students. Results indicate that unique components of negative affect relate to adolescent alcohol use in different patterns across different groups of youth. However, the small magnitude of these effects calls into question…

In a study of 66 in-utero drug exposed (IUDE) infants, evaluated infant cognitive status, caregiver-infant interaction, and caregiver cognitive functioning (IQ) to determine which caregiver variables were associated with infant cognitive status. Analysis indicated that caregiver IQ was the only statistically significant coefficient in the model…

Examines polydrug use among adolescents residing in an inner-city region by Hispanic ethnicity (Puerto Rican versus Dominican) and gender. Results indicate that in the first year of middle school, gender moderated the effect of Hispanic ethnicity on lifetime polydrug use. Concludes that both Hispanic ethnicity and gender mattered in determining…

Study examined risk factors related to re-traumatization in women sexually abused in childhood. Eighty women were interviewed once in childhood, twice in early adulthood. Risk factors were measured at second interview and used to predict reported trauma exposure between interviews two and three. Some factors (e.g. homelessness, depression) were…

Investigates how well kindergarten phonological awareness (PA) and naming speed (NS) account for reading development to Grade 5. PA was most strongly related to reading in the first two years of school, and NS's initially weaker relationship increased with grade level. Children with weak PA and slow NS were most likely to develop reading…

Investigates alcohol treatment among Alaska Natives. Time between age at diagnosis and first treatment was similar for men and women. Women were more likely to be parents and reported more contact with health and mental health providers. Among men, acting as a parent, lifetime depression, and type of professional consulted were significantly…

Examines factors in adolescence that affect the probability of violent behavior at age 18 among youths who received high teacher ratings of aggression at age 10. Study found a lower probability of violence was associated with religious services attendance, good family management by parents, and bonding to school. Implications of these findings for…

Describes a study that identified attributes that can characterize the Net generation and examines how these attributes, together with perceived seductive properties of the Internet (e.g., pleasure of control and fluidity of identity) and gratifications obtained from the Internet can predict popular Internet activities. Reports results of a…

Analyzed data from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being regarding predictors of client satisfaction with child welfare workers. Found that caregiver reports of having fewer than two child welfare workers, having more recent contact, and receiving timely, responsive services were associated with higher perceived quality of…

Surveys inner-city adolescents, asking questions about hopelessness, violent and aggressive behavior, substance use, sexual behavior, and accidental injury. Nearly 50% of males and 25% of females had moderate or severe feelings of hopelessness. Moreover, hopelessness predicted of each of the risk behaviors considered. Suggestions are made for…

Examines children's social and academic competencies as mediators to explain the often positive relation between parent-school involvement and achievement. Ethnic variation was examined. For African Americans, academic skills mediated the relations between school involvement and math performance. For Euro-Americans, social competence mediated the…

Explores the properties of a measure of student behavior in the classroom, and tests the prediction of burnout dimensions from dimensions of student behavior. Focuses on the potential role of psychological variables such as teacher self-efficacy and coping strategies in explaining how teacher well-being is effected by student behavior in the…