Investigates the beliefs held by kindergartners and second graders regarding the competence of boys v girls. Findings of this study support previous reports in that the sex-role stereotypic socialization process begins very early and that the learning increases with age. (Author)

Seventy-five graduate students in psychology answered questionnaires on their career interests, their actual career choices, and the sources of their interest in being psychologists. Results showed that many students interested in clinical psychology were not accepted in clinical programs. Teachers need to make students aware of training programs…

Dr. Wagner discusses her childhood role models and her decision to enter educational administration. She gives advice to young women who are planning for leadership roles. This article is part of a theme issue on women and leadership. (SJL)

Evaluated influence of film preparation on children undergoing dental sessions with respect to peer modeling v demonstration of procedures and amount of information. Children exposed to peer-model videotaped presentations immediately preceding their restorative treatment exhibited fewer disruptive behaviors and less apprehension than those…

Due to the increasing influence of the holistic health movement, health providers will increasingly be challenged to reexamine their roles in patient relationships, increase the extent of interdisciplinary teamwork, emphasize health education and positive health behaviors, examine the usefulness of various alternative therapies, and consider the…

Counselors with low dogmatism scores are more effective than counselors with higher dogmatism scores. Over the course of training, the group of trainees classified as highly dogmatic both decreased in level of dogmatism and increased in level of counseling effectiveness as measured by improvement in level of performance. (Author)

Some determinants of affectionate behavior in young children were explored. Experiment 1 demonstrated that children who imitated a male model who was nurturant were nurturant. Experiment 2 demonstrated that mere participation without imitation of nurturance and imitation of neutral physical contact was not effective in inducing affectionate…

Reexamined the eight duty factors identified by Muthard and Salomone, which have been viewed as a definitive description of rehabilitation counselor role behavior. Data were reanalyzed using cluster analysis. Original results were replicated with modifications, increasing the meaningfulness of the description of rehabilitation counselor role…

Presents a systematic attempt to help counselors operate within the areas of transcendence and states of consciousness. Consciousness counseling recognizes that human experience includes the person and that it also goes beyond the self to include transpersonal experiences. Consciousness counseling recognizes that people experience many states of…

Data from past studies on adolescent alcohol misuse and family structure of adult alcoholics formulate a picture of family environment which contains high levels of anxiety, maintenance of the problematic behavior by the family, parental modeling of inappropriate alcohol use, and lax parental control. (Author)

Reinforcement of appropriate student behavior in order to create peer role models is an effective disciplinary technique for physical education classes. (LH)

Factors for fathers in value development are discussed: the model of masculine behavior; the communicator (listening and problem solving); the moral model (striving to live between the absolutist and the complete relativist); and the fallible reinforcing agent. (Author)

McWalters denies DeSalvo's previous claim (see EJ 209 302) that "The Scarlet Letter" harms students through its message of repressed sexuality; he suggests that the book does not condemn sexuality. DeSalvo replies that "The Scarlet Letter" is presented to students in a harmful way; she again calls for the use of literature that…

Two experiments examined conditions that affect the observer's spontaneous motoric and symbolic mediation, and the relationship between these mediators in an observational learning situation. Subjects were undergraduate students. (CM)

During a two-week period, 17 kindergarten children in an experimental group were exposed to nontraditional role models and curricular materials and a control group of 22 kindergarten children was exposed to a curriculum unrelated to vocational or sex roles. Neither group made a significant change in their vocational role preferences. (Author)