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Direct linkSpinelli, Simona; Joel, Suresh; Nelson, Tess E.; Vasa, Roma A.; Pekar, James J.; Mostofsky, Stewart H. – Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2011
Objective: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with difficulty inhibiting impulsive, hyperactive, and off-task behavior. However, no studies have examined whether a distinct pattern of brain activity precedes inhibitory errors in typically developing (TD) children and children with ADHD. In healthy adults, increased…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Children, Inhibition
Jain, Rakesh; Segal, Scott; Kollins, Scott H.; Khayrallah, Moise – Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2011
Objective: This study examined the efficacy and safety of clonidine hydrochloride extended-release tablets (CLON-XR) in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Method: This 8-week, placebo-controlled, fixed-dose trial, including 3 weeks of dose escalation, of patients 6 to 17 years old with ADHD evaluated the…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Rating Scales, Patients, Program Effectiveness
Mathews, Carol A.; Grados, Marco A. – Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2011
Objective: Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neuropsychiatric disorder with a genetic component that is highly comorbid with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the genetic relations between these disorders have not been clearly elucidated. This study examined the familial relations among TS,…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Anxiety Disorders, Genetics, Neurological Impairments
Prehn-Kristensen, Alexander; Molzow, Ina; Munz, Manuel; Wilhelm, Ines; Muller, Kathrin; Freytag, Damaris; Wiesner, Christian D.; Baving, Lioba – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2011
Sleep supports the consolidation of declarative and procedural memory. While prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity supports the consolidation of declarative memory during sleep, opposite effects of PFC activity are reported with respect to the consolidation of procedural memory during sleep. Patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Patients, Memory, Sleep
Anderson, Deborah K.; Maye, Melissa P.; Lord, Catherine – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2011
The current study prospectively examined trajectories of change in symptoms of irritability, hyperactivity, and social withdrawal, as well as predictors of such behaviors, for ages 9-18 years for youths with autism spectrum disorder and a comparison group with nonspectrum developmental delays. Children with more severe core features of autism had…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Adjustment (to Environment), Developmental Delays
Gomez-Guerrero, Lorena; Martin, Cristina Dominguez; Mairena, Maria Angeles; Di Martino, Adriana; Wang, Jing; Mendelsohn, Alan L.; Dreyer, Benard P.; Isquith, Peter K.; Gioia, Gerard; Petkova, Eva; Castellanos, F. Xavier – Journal of Attention Disorders, 2011
Objective: Individuals with ADHD are often characterized as inconsistent across many contexts. ADHD is also associated with deficits in executive function. We examined the relationships between response time (RT) variability on five brief computer tasks to parents' ratings of ADHD-related features and executive function in a group of children with…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Cognitive Ability, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Rating Scales
Wender, Paul H.; Reimherr, Frederick W.; Marchant, Barrie K.; Sanford, Mary Eve; Czajkowski, Laura A.; Tomb, David A. – Journal of Attention Disorders, 2011
Objective: To determine the effects of long-term methylphenidate treatment on symptom severity and social adjustment in adult ADHD. Method: Adults (n = 116) meeting operational diagnostic criteria for ADHD (the "Utah Criteria") entered a randomized double-blind crossover trial of methylphenidate and placebo. Participants who improved on…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Social Adjustment, Measures (Individuals), Severity (of Disability)
Stark, R.; Bauer, E.; Merz, C. J.; Zimmermann, M.; Reuter, M.; Plichta, M. M.; Kirsch, P.; Lesch, K. P.; Fallgatter, A. J.; Vaitl, D.; Herrmann, M. J. – Neuropsychologia, 2011
Neuroimaging studies on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) suggest dysfunctional reward processing, with hypo-responsiveness during reward anticipation in the reward system including the nucleus accumbens (NAcc). In this study, we investigated the association between ADHD related behaviors and the reward system using functional…
Descriptors: Feedback (Response), Undergraduate Students, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Patients
Martel, Michelle M.; Nikolas, Molly; Jernigan, Katherine; Friderici, Karen; Waldman, Irwin; Nigg, Joel T. – Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 2011
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prime candidate for exploration of gene-by-environment interaction (i.e., G x E), particularly in relation to dopamine system genes, due to strong evidence that dopamine systems are dysregulated in the disorder. Using a G x E design, we examined whether the "DRD4" promoter 120-bp tandem repeat…
Descriptors: Conflict, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Attention Deficit Disorders, Child Rearing
Alqaryouti, Ibrahim A.; Abu Hilal, Maher M.; Ibrahim, Mahmoud M. – Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 2011
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a diagnostic measure of attention deficit, hyperactivity disorder and impulsivity. Method: The instrument was administered to normal (n=51), learning disability (LD) (n=96) and intellectually disabled (ID) (n=108) children. The instrument in its final form comprises 36 items.…
Descriptors: Learning Disabilities, Validity, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Factor Analysis
Lambek, Rikke; Tannock, Rosemary; Dalsgaard, Soeren; Trillingsgaard, Anegen; Damm, Dorte; Thomsen, Per Hove – Journal of Attention Disorders, 2011
Objective: The study examined executive function deficits (EFD) in school-age children (7 to 14 years) with ADHD. Method: A clinical sample of children diagnosed with ADHD (n = 49) was compared to a population sample (n = 196) on eight executive function (EF) measures. Then, the prevalence of EFD in clinical and non-clinical children was examined…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Children, Early Adolescents, Comparative Analysis
Bitter, Samantha M.; Mills, Neil P.; Adler, Caleb M.; Strakowski, Stephen M.; DelBello, Melissa P. – Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2011
Objective: Although previous neuroimaging studies suggest that adolescents with bipolar disorder exhibit smaller amygdala volumes compared with healthy adolescents, whether these abnormalities are present at illness onset or instead develop over time remains unclear. The aim of this study was to conduct a prospective longitudinal investigation…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Mental Disorders, Rating Scales, Adolescents
Skirbekk, Benedicte; Hansen, Berit Hjelde; Oerbeck, Beate; Kristensen, Hanne – Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 2011
The objective of the present study was to examine the relationship between sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT), subtypes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and anxiety disorders (AnxDs). One hundred and forty-one children (90 males, 51 females) aged 7-13 years were assigned to four groups, i.e., referred children with comorbid AnxDs…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Anxiety Disorders, Conceptual Tempo, Reaction Time
Strickland, Jennifer; Keller, Jennifer; Lavigne, John V.; Gouze, Karen; Hopkins, Joyce; LeBailly, Susan – Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 2011
Despite growing interest in the development of alternative diagnostic classification systems for psychopathology in young children, little is known about the adequacy of the DSM symptom structure for describing psychopathology in this population. This paper examines the fit of the DSM-IV emotional (ED) and disruptive behavior disorder (DD) symptom…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Anxiety Disorders, Behavior Disorders, Preschool Children
Semrud-Clikeman, Margaret; Harder, Lana – Journal of Attention Disorders, 2011
Objective: To examine written expression and the executive function skills (working memory, verbal fluency, and planning and organization) involved in written expression in college-aged students with ADHD. Method: Two groups of undergraduate students, aged 19 to 28 years, (ADHD, n = 31; control, n = 27) are evaluated on selected measures of…
Descriptors: Undergraduate Students, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Inhibition, Short Term Memory
