Studied whether smokers and nonsmokers hold systematically different attitudes on tobacco smoking. Smoking-related Likert type attitude items were selected for analysis from a longer questionnaire. Results indicated both smoking and nonsmoking college students expressed highly similar unfavorable attitudes toward smoking but nonsmokers expressed…

Explored the independent and joint effects of organizational commitment and job satisfaction on variables relevant to employees' withdrawal intentions. Participants (N=175) completed instruments relating to organizational commitment, job-facet satisfaction, and intention to quit. Results indicate commitment bears a strong relationship to…

Examined age variance in the relationship of women's achievement needs and values to their participation in paid employment. Studied a cross-sectional sample of 1120 women, ages 22-64. Findings suggested that women's labor force participation is partially a function of the interaction between career and family task demands and values. (Author/JAC)

Used the Children's Emotion Projection Instrument to investigate the emotional predispositions of children from divorce or disruption and children from intact families. Results indicated that children of divorce or disruption are not more hampered emotionally than children from intact families. Discusses implications for family therapists.…

Hypothesized that selected personality variables, could positively predict loneliness; and self-esteem and extraversion could negatively predict loneliness scores. Studied two groups of subjects: Iranian college students in American colleges and Iranian students in Iranian universities. Results confirmed the directions stated in the research…

Results indicate that (1) social support is the best predictor of secure attachment and is most important for mothers with irritable babies, (2) maternal unresponsiveness is associated with resistance during reunion episodes and appears to be a mechanism through which anxious attachment develops, and (3) social support may mitigate the effects of…

The incremental effectiveness over high school grade point average alone of the American College Testing Program, the Scholastic Aptitude Test, and the California Achievement Tests in predicting college freshmen grade point average was compared. The incremental predictive efficiency was nearly the same for each, resulting in an 18.47 percent…

Studies the convergence between current drug use and the use of drugs in the future by adolescents. The overall pattern suggests sources other than previous drug experience must be considered in attempting to explain intentions for future use. (Author)

For 20 dental students the relationships of field dependency, scores on the dental admissions test, grades in technique courses, and time and error scores on mirror-tracing tests were studied. Preliminary results indicate that study of the perceptual-cognitive styles of dental students may have utility in counseling and admissions. (Author/SJL)

This study investigated relationships between eight motivational variables of the high school band director and three criteria of directing success: ensemble musicianship; ensemble music performance; and students' ratings of their director. Three motivational variables--and school size--were found to be significant predictors of band directing…

Examined the degree to which salary satisfaction can be predicted using company-maintained information. Studying managerial, professional, and technical employees, results suggest that without inclusion of a variety of employee perceptions, only a small proportion of pay satisfaction could be accounted for, with salary and sex as primary objective…

Explored the relationship among divergent thinking abilities, self-esteem, and personal characteristics of older adults (N=39). Obtained scores for fluency, flexibility and originality of thought, and self-esteem. Results indicated level of education was the best predictor of divergent thinking abilities; self-esteem and age were significantly…

Presents results of a study suggesting that prior mathematical ability is a primary influence on performance in an introductory, preprofessional physics course and that it has a secondary influence on the tendency of college students to drop out of the course. (CS)

A study to determine differences between graduating and withdrawing students in the University of Minnesota Dental Hygiene program is discussed. The identification of differences may prove useful in the selection process for future classes through identification of students likely to complete their education. (MLW)

Sociological and demographic research often uses variables computed as ratios. When the denominators are highly correlated, and the ratios are used in correlation or regression analysis, a statistical dependency is formed. This article investigates this problem, particularly with respect to partial correlation, multiple regression, and the…