A study interviewed 8,548 participants in the Ontario Mental Health Supplement about parental psychiatric history and childhood physical and sexual abuse. Respondents reporting a parental history of depression, mania, or schizophrenia had a two to threefold increase in the rates of physical, sexual, or any abuse. (Contains references.) (CR)

Investigates the prevalence and antecedents of burnout in a large sample of school psychologists from North Carolina. Approximately 40% of school psychologists reported high levels of emotional exhaustion, 10% reported depersonalization reactions, and 19% reported a reduced sense of personal accomplishment. Results suggest personality variables…

Examined whether stages of exercise adoption were associated with the practice of other health behaviors. Surveys of university employees examined demographics, health behavior, and stages of change. Results indicated that stage of exercise adoption was predictive of three out of five health behaviors. Encouraging individuals to think about…

Presents the findings of an empirical research study into the academic self-concept, study habits, and attitude towards distance education of students at the Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) and relates these to their academic performance. Discusses variables and implications for learner support and instructional design. (Author/LRW)

Reviews investigation of therapist recommendations, an aspect of counseling that previously was vaguely understood. Results indicate a high frequency of recommendations, with most sessions containing multiple recommendations. Therapists provided eight types of recommendations; validation of internal experiences, reframing meaning, decision-making,…

A study of 151 parents of adolescents with severe disabilities found the adolescents primarily participated in family and home activities, with less frequent participation in school and community functions. Child characteristics and family variables influenced an adolescent's level of integration in home and community, with only child…

Describes a study of Nigerian university and research librarians that examined the relationships between knowledge, training, and experience of librarians on the use of computers and their attitudes towards the computer. Results indicate that there are significant relationships between these variables and computer attitudes. (Author/LRW)

A study of factors associated with better employment and education outcomes for young people with disabilities found that three factors predicted productive engagement in work and education for young women. Early parenting responsibilities or low income predicted less productive engagement, and when young women and their parents agreed on work and…

Tested two path models of Predictors of Adjustment to School. The primary-school model analysis indicated that more difficult temperament, child's reported stressful life events, and male sex predicted teacher's ratings of poor student adjustment. The secondary-school model analysis showed that less family cohesion, adolescent's reported stressful…

A study analyzed the language development of 200 children at 14, 24, 30, and 42 months and assessed their symbolic play at 14 months. Children from families with dyslexia (n=103) had lower maximum sentence length at 2 years and object naming and inflectional morphology skills at 3.5 years. (Contains references.) (Author/CR)

Study follows 106 kindergarten students through 11th grade examining the effects of family characteristics, school readiness, socialization, and student demographics on academic achievement and behavioral adjustment outcomes. Results demonstrate that retained students' initial school readiness, socioeconomic status, mother's level of education,…

Examined whether data on child care quality obtained from a telephone interview with the provider could serve as an adequate proxy for data obtained from direct observation of 89 child care homes and 92 centers. Found that a 25-item interview predicted accurately the quality classification of 92 percent of homes and 89 percent of centers.…

This study examined demographic and individual difference variables that predicted level of Brazilian adolescents' prosocial moral judgment and self-reported prosocial behavior; it also tested mediating or moderating relations among predictors. Findings generally were consistent with contention that tendency to take others' perspectives and to…

Three studies replicated and extended Dweck's findings regarding young children's responses to challenging achievement situations. Findings indicated that a composite of cognitive, behavioral, and affective helplessness indices at kindergarten age predicted helplessness 1 and 5 years later, above and beyond gender and kindergarten task ability.…

A study investigated whether age, gender, period from onset to treatment, and stuttering severity related to the required treatment time of 250 preschoolers who completed the Lidcombe Program. Data indicate that, for a short period after stuttering onset, a short delay in treatment did not appear to increase treatment time. (Contains references.)…