The reliability and construct validity of the Kohlberg Moral Judgment Scale, the Gilligan et al's Sexual Moral Development Scale, Maitland and Goldman's Objective Moral Development Scale, and Hogan's Maturity of Moral Judgment Scale were compared for a sample of male and female graduate students. (EVH)

The development and validation of the School Observation Scale is presented. The scale can be used by elementary teachers to record observations of pupil behavioral characteristics associated with learning disabilities and minimal brain disfunction. (Author/JKS)

A correspondence exists between a simplified data collection method employing results from a post test for graphic skills in kinematics, and a rigourous validation method. Examination of test responses for discrepant instances yielded further information of value. Hierarchical patterns of learning and remembering are identical. (Author/CP)

Questions the basis on which certain decisions are made and conclusions reached in schools with regard to intelligence testing. Discusses three distinct flaws in intelligence testing and how such tests must be designed to account for individual differences. (Author/RK)

Controversy and confusion surround the question of the appropriateness of tests for minority groups. It is believed that the matter should be approached rationally and that examining it relative to empirical, construct, and content validity will be helpful. (Author)

Describes the rationale for and the development of an instrument that provides scales to measure five school related constructs of self concept at three school levels and cites information regarding the factorial validity of each scale based on the derived data. (Author/DEP)

Two culture free intelligence tests, the D-48 Test and the IPAT Culture Fair Intelligence Test, are valid predictors of achievement test scores for grade levels 8 and 9. Highly significant correlation coefficients are observed between ethnic memberships and each of the culture free tests and the SRA Achievement Test. (Author/DEP)

Regression discontinuity analysis was used to test the effects of dean's list on student performance in subsequent terms, indicating that dean's list earned early in the academic year helps to maintain the quality of students' academic work but does not affect the amount of work they undertake. (Author/BW)

A measure of positive affect using content analysis of verbal samples was devised and found to have satisfactory interjudge reliability. Normative data from five groups showed an association of positive affect levels with the situations subjects were undergoing. (Author)

Prediger confuses observations about the data with Holland's theoretical statement, performs some uninterpretable analyses, omits much relevant data, and provides an incomplete account of what psychometric authorities have said about raw scores in interest inventories. (Author)

Since judgments of teaching and teachers should be distinguished, six arguments for using the students' opinions are reviewed and three counter-arguments are presented. It is shown that many previous validity studies are based upon a logical error and that none justifies the validity of students' opinions of teaching. Subjectivity may be the cause…

A statistical study of 90 students entering the Medical College of Virginia/Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy in 1974 indicates that PCAT scores are clearly superior predictors over these scores: SAT-Verbal and -Math; college quality point average (QPA); Otis Quick-Scoring Mental Ability Test; and pharmacy course grade. (LBH)

The reliability and validity of the behavior of 45 institutionalized mentally retarded children (6-15 years old), with total IQs between 2 and 53, were assessed by a new scale measuring communication, self-help, physical skills, self-control, and social behavior. (Author/CL)

The relevance of the current scholastic aptitude test for college admittance in today's society is discussed and questioned. (JD)

This research espouses the term "uniqueness" to circumvent the connotative qualities of abnormality and deviance, i.e., to convey a positive striving for being different relative to other people. The theoretical underpinning of the uniqueness motivation construct and the development and validation of a scale measuring desire for…