The population of University of Maryland law students seeking mental health counseling in a four-year period is described. It is concluded that students were receptive to counseling services that were both accessible and nonthreatening, and that the services provided a forum for expression not available in the academic program. (MSE)

The cost effectiveness of four approaches to improving mathematics and reading performance of elementary school children is compared. Peer tutoring is found to be more cost-effective than computer-assisted instruction, and both are more cost-effective than reducing class size or increasing the length of the school day. (Author/JAZ)

This article discusses educational equity in terms of access to learning, to resources, and to school, especially among students who are tracked in low ability groups. Given this conception of knowledge equity, equity may only be realized through the actions of local district and school staff. (JL)

Four moderately mentally retarded students, aged 8-13, were taught to read food words found in grocery stores, using constant time delay or system of least prompts procedures. Both strategies produced criterion-level performance in training and other settings, but the constant time delay procedure was more efficient. (Author/JDD)

Noting the difficulties in teaching history to elementary students, Bechtol proposes the three-dimensional timeline as a method of presenting historical time concepts in a concrete manner. Describes how the timeline covers family, U.S., and world history; discusses its advantages; and provides tips for its use. (GEA)

A study of nursing school faculty job satisfaction and perceptions of organizational climate found that deans' behavior influenced those perceptions and that the longer a faculty member remained in his or her position at the same school, the less satisfied he or she was with the work, promotional opportunities, supervision, and fellow workers.…

The literature on effective instruction for difficult-to-teach students is reviewed. Preinstructional variables include classroom management planning and planning for instructional tasks (student assessments, communication of learning goals, pacing decisions, and time allocations). Instructional delivery variables include engagement time, success…

Research on the peer relationship problems of learning disabled (LD) children is summarized, highlighting methodological shortcomings and drawing implications for social intervention. Noted are tendencies of LD children to be frequently off task, to have more negative interactions with teachers and peers, and to be conversationally less assertive.…

Describes evaluation of Japanese educational system. Contrasts differences in National Ministry of Education functions, learning time, examinations, career rewards with American system. Examines Japanese rural school organization, funding, administrative certification/staffing, instructional certification/staffing, salaries, instruction, and…

A four-stage model, designed to shape learning disabled students' independent study skills and foster generalization of skills is presented: (1) ease students into a homework routine; (2) focus on time management; (3) teach problem-solving techniques; and (4) conclude in independent study with intermittent parent and teacher monitoring. (CB)

Describes a four-year Follow-Through Research Project that investigates the effects of a comprehensive staff development program, based on Madeline Hunter's Instructional Theory into Practice Model, designed to improve instruction on student engaged rates and achievement in reading and mathematics. (Author/HOD)

Describes a teacher's system for rotating chemistry laboratory exercises in an effort to teach the basic laboratory techniques with a minimum of equipment. Outlines the basic techniques and procedures taught during a two-week rotation schedule. Lists advantages of this approach and guidelines for scheduling. (TW)

Describes the history, recommendations, and impact of "A Nation at Risk: The Imperative for Educational Reform," the report of the National Commission on Excellence in Education. Discusses broad recommendations regarding the curriculum; standards and expectations for students; time devoted to learning; the status of the teaching…

Observations of two preschool settings--one Black and one white--suggests that structures of time and space are implicit forms through which adult values are transmitted to children. White teachers structured an environment that maximized individual choice and action; Black teachers structured time and space to reinforce collectivism, authority,…

A study of undergraduate students investigated whether different rehearsal strategies are more effective in facilitating achievement, whether certain rehearsal strategies require learners to spend more time interacting with instructional content, and whether verbal or visual testing requires students to spend more time processing and responding to…