Presents evidence from literature in the field of the sociology of science which indicates that there are reasons why scientists would and do commit fraud although the norms discouraging mendacity are powerful. Discusses why the checks and balances against fraud are not regularly implemented. (Author/DB)

Discusses problem preparation and specification along with search strategies and techniques employed by an information scientist in assisting users of on-line data bases, and briefly reviews ways to save computer time. (CWM)

A critique of the research methods used in "Primary Education in England," a report of Her Majesty's Inspectorate that was based on teacher questionnaires and classroom observations of 7-, 9-, and 11-year-olds in 542 schools. (SJL)

This paper is concerned with testing hypotheses about main effects, simple effects, and interaction effects by means of analysis of variance. It presents alternative strategies for analyzing data sets for which a factorial model with two completely crossed, fixed factors is appropriate. (CTM)

Argues that the two most common interpretations of the Meadian "I" in George Herbert Mead's theory of social self have failed to place the concept within the context of Mead's philosophy of social behaviorism. Stresses also that Mead's theory of social behaviorist interpretation is applicable to sociological inquiry when it is properly…

Tells how staff members of a college newspaper worked out a procedure for obtaining and interviewing a sample of students that accurately represented the entire student body. (GT)

Bytheway discusses the problems of representation and sampling methodology found in the Three Generation Family Study directed by Hill at the University of Minnesota. Hill responds to this criticism and challenges Bytheway to provide a better sampling design. (Author/HLM)

A program is presented for the control of biological hazards in research centers, to ensure that all investigative activities are conducted in a manner that presents the least possible hazard to employees, students, and the community. (MB)

Comments on a journal article that suggests that educational statistics may be compared even in cases where different experimental units are used in the analyses. (MLH)

Reviews elementary and secondary school leadership developments for the decade preceding Britain's 1988 Education Reform Act and during the 1990s. Summarizes major themes, including headteachers' central importance, shared leadership issues, the changing character of heads' professional and entrepreneurial leadership, heads' change-agent role,…

Examines potential problems in the use of inferential statistics for single population proportions, differences between two population proportions, and quotients of two population proportions. Discusses hypothesis testing versus interval estimation. Emphasizes the importance of selecting the appropriate formula for the standard error and…

Educational researchers and policymakers need to understand the ecological correlation fallacy, since so much bad research (and policy) has been based on it. Aggregate data may or may not yield results that are true for individuals. Only individual-level data can correctly answer questions about the relationship between variables for individuals.…

Conclusive research has shown the benefits of small class size (1:15), especially for primary grades. Large-scale projects in Indiana and Tennessee and numerous smaller studies found that youngsters in small classes obtain higher test scores, participate more eagerly, demonstrate improved behavior, and retain these benefits in later schooling…

Asserts that this book, drawn from a 1993 conference on memory development, accurately reflects the contemporary status of the field in two ways: (1) its research is matured and specialized; and (2) there are no major theoretical disputes, nor a widely shared new approach, although using microgenetic designs to study cognitive strategy choice…

Traces through Thomas Greenfield's work his use of Max Weber's interpretive social analysis, including Weber's view of the individual unit of analysis, value topologies, comparative history methods, and analytical ideal topologies. Compares Greenfield's and Weber's metaphysical assumptions, ontological perspectives, and epistemological frameworks.…