Defines incremental product development and discusses how this style of innovation effects technology industries. Cites examples of Japanese competition which emphasizes quality and speed in product development. Makes recommendations for the improvement of product development in the United States. (CW)

Discusses the enhancement of economic leadership by improving workers' skills, supporting research and development and encouraging investment that applies to technological innovations. Suggests a relationship between national rates of capital investment and increases in productivity and economic growth. (RT)

There were declines in three of the six categories of science and engineering assistance between 1975 and 1985: fellowships and training grants; facilities and equipment related to instruction; and general support for conferences, teacher institutes, and activities aimed at increasing the scientific knowledge of pre-college and undergraduate…

A research network called the European Institute of Technology will be created by major European technology companies. The institute will seek to encourage greater collaboration among academic and industrial researchers in Europe by financing research in fields relevant to long-term needs of sponsoring companies. (MLW)

Many teachers view educational research as inaccessible, irrelevant, and sometimes wrong. The Educational Research and Dissemination Program translates research into practical classroom applications and gives teachers the opportunity to adapt and refine it. (Author/LHW)

Trends in vocational education research and development (R&D) were investigated for the 20-year period of 1963-1983. Hardcopy and computerized data sources were content-analyzed into data-generated categories. Graphs plotting relative frequencies of the identified, categorized R&D activities were analyzed for trends. Such R&D is concluded to be…

Biotechnology is changing the values of the university's bioscience community. Priorities are distorted by entrepreneurial incentives and government pressures that increase the scientist's dependence on industry and the military. The university is seen as inattentive to the social, ethical, and educational challenges. (Author/MLW)

Describes an approach for measuring industrial technological diversification behavior. Identifies sectoral patterns of Japanese industry as related to diversification behaviors. Delineates the mechanisms and effectiveness of Japanese corporate and government policies relevant to diversification. (ML)

Discusses artificial intelligence, robotics, natural language processing, and expert or knowledge-based systems research; examines two large expert systems, MYCIN and XCON; and reviews the resources required to build large expert systems and affordable smaller systems (intelligent job aids) for training. Expert system vendors and products are…

The use of quantitative techniques for research and development management in large U.S. industrial firms is reviewed, current patterns of technique familiarity and usage are described, and suggestions for the direction of project management systems are given. (MSE)

Provides an overview of France's research and development capabilities and accomplishments. Cites examples of technological advances and explains why France has been successful in aerospace, electronic, and chemical and pharmaceutical research. Also explores the impact of education and culture on innovation attempts. (ML)

Reviews the status of high energy physics and the contributions resulting from research with particle accelerators. Supports the value of supercolliders and discusses its potential impact on scientific research. Also reviews and analyzes the basic components of the Standard Model. (ML)

Addresses issues related to the decline of research and development funding for universities. Indicates that pressures are assaulting the universities due to Gramm-Rudman cuts, indirect cost controls, and the search for different sources of support. Also indicates that nonscience support for education will be a serious competitor with research.…

Research is often seen only as a method of encouraging preservice teachers to engage in certain behaviors. This article proposes that research can be used to increase teacher options, provide understanding of the school as a workplace, provide a technical area of teaching, promote questioning and reflection, and provide consumer protection. (DF)

The types of managerial problems occurring in large research laboratories are classified, the politics of their management are analyzed, and the forms in which the problems are manifested are discussed. It is concluded that strategic practices are needed for the organizations to function effectively. (Author/MSE)