Oral language has primacy both developmentally and by virtue of use for most individuals in our society; however, the development of oral language for many children is left to chance. Although English education journals have resounded with exhortations to teachers about the importance of encouraging children to talk, the recent limited research…

The All-Indian Long Distance Runner's Training Camp, predicated upon the fact that the Native American community has produced an inordinate number of long distance runners due to historical/environmental/sociological factors, has as its operational philosophy that academic achievement is stressed as a correlate to athletic success; that…

A study investigated the differential relationship between children's involvement in an experiential health curriculum and past-reported health practices and changes in family health practices. The research is based on the assumption that established patterns of health practices in families are not immutable patterns, but are susceptible to change…

The portfolio contains 24 portraits with biographical sketches of outstanding contemporary American Indians. Representing several tribes, occupations, and points of view, the subjects are: Henry Adams, Louis W. Ballard, Robert L. Bennett, George Blue Spruce, Jarrett Blythe, Louis R. Bruce, Leon Cook, Ada Deer, Vine Deloria, Jr., James Gladstone,…

The impact of exposure to social models displaying variably tolerant pain behaviour on observers' expressions of pain is examined. Findings indicate substantial effects on verbal reports of pain, avoidance behaviour, psychophysiological indices, power function parameters, and sensory decision theory indices. Discussion centers on how social models…

Imitation in the speech of the child serves at least three functions in the development of linguistic competence. Imitation provides auditory feedback for phonological and morpho-syntactic accuracy, produces a model for verification and/or clarification by speakers, and "makes time" for the processing and acquisition of information. Beyond these…

Two case studies, China and Synanon, reveal common features in the process of integrating the young into the world of work and civic responsibility through intensive feedback, the work ethic, geographic mobility, role models, and group atmosphere. (Author/DW)

Social scientists have been studying marriage for several decades and have identified many factors related to the quality of marriage. A longitudinal study of 57 engaged couples was conducted while they were college students and after they were married to test parts of Lewis and Spainer's recently proposed theory of marital quality. It was…

A work-study program was designed to provide black inner-city youths with instruction and guidance in skills needed in their current jobs, especially their ability to speak standard English. The program used the technique of modeling to arouse students' motivation to adopt standard spoken English. Research has shown that the use of a model will be…

To help improve private schools' recruitment of minority students, this handbook discusses where and how to begin, recruitment strategies, applicant assessment, and the need for in-school support systems for minority students. The authors stress that each school should begin by analyzing its own objectives, attitudes, and admission program.…

The youth smoking problem is discussed and assistance is provided for teachers in developing smoking prevention and cessation programs. Four chapters serve as guides to understanding and working with the youth smoking problem. "Teenage Smoking in America" reviews trends in teenage smoking behavior and the factors that influence the initiation of…

A study investigated perceived uncertainty in organizational environment as a predictor of four perceived role models in public relations professionals (expert prescriber, technical services provider, communication process facilitator, and problem solving process facilitator). Two 16-item scales measured the simple-complex and static-dynamic…

In this action research study, research findings related to developing children's prosocial behavior were discussed at a seminar with parent/teachers in a cooperative nursery school to determine if post-seminar parent/teacher intervention would lead to increased prosocial behaviors in the children. Forty-seven children in the nursery school were…

The problems, procedures, and benefits of case-study program evaluation are investigated. An evaluation plan that included several data collection methods (document review, interview, content analysis, attitude questionnaire survey, sociogram analysis) and emphasized the role of the evaluator as participant-observer, collector and synthesizer of…

From infancy on the child is surrounded with sex-based role expectations. The school system clarifies and reinforces these images through the male dominated administrative structure, the unbalanced distribution of attention in primary classroom situations, and the mainstreaming of males and females into gender-tagged curriculum programs. Sexism is…