States that Crystal Eastman and Alice Hamilton, organizers of the Workers' Health Bureau, helped shape the early 20th-century health and safety communication field by targeting texts to professional and popular audiences which sought to prevent occupational accidents and disease by promoting voluntary efforts by employers, government regulation,…

Discusses the development of rhetorical analyses of political addresses from antiquity to modern times. Focuses on "epideictic address," i.e., addresses by representative persons. Rhetorical and discourse analytical approaches are used to analyze parts of Dutch Queen Beatrix' speech to the Israeli Parliament. Discusses the hybrid…

Not every story in a school newsletter or local paper will be printed with a photograph, but a well-placed photograph will show a school's story and strengthen its message. This article discusses composition, audience, working with photographers and subjects; provides guidelines for including photographs in publications and cropping tips; and…

Reports results of a 7-year study of drama/theater for children, conducted by Arizona State University, with 30 participants progressing from kindergarten to sixth grade. Finds, as children aged, a shift from story to character in postperformance discussion of theater events; a subtle increase of evaluative responses; and that girls were more…

Examines the ways that social theories of audience have informed the perspectives of "invoked" and "addressed" readers--terms put forth by Lisa Ede and Andrea Lunsford. Critiques these terms, particularly for their failure to adequately acknowledge the multiplicity of readers. Argues that compositionists should embrace a more comprehensive social…

Suggests ways for journalists to better their writing skills, for example, being aware of unnecessary words and redundancies and the fact that the simplest word is usually the best word. Tells reporters which words to avoid, such as "many,""some," and "a lot." Gives examples of some mistakes that journalists have…

Investigates five audience-related constructs related to the writing of adults demonstrating varying degrees of literacy competence. Studies 35 college-able writers demonstrating learning disabilities (LD), 22 LD writers attending a rehabilitation vocational training program, 35 remedial college writers, and 35 normally achieving college writers.…

Claims that what matters in classroom writing instruction is an authentic, supportive audience. Shares results from a study of a combined grades 5-6 classroom. Finds that students felt successful as writers when peers evaluated their prose positively. States that the students' knowledge that their writing evoked emotional response from their peers…

Presents a case study of one six-year-old that suggests that e-mail messages foster different skills and conventions than does print-based letter writing. Hopes to illuminate the writing practices children might develop as they engage in e-mail communication. (SG)

Presents students with the opportunity to evaluate e-writing techniques and information design components of two financial and investment Websites. Discusses strategies for teaching e-writing. Uses a three-part information design model developed by Carliner (2000). Discusses how the physical, cognitive, and affective aspects all work…

Explains that Museum Theatre's goal is to teach through drama by using experiential interpretive strategies that bypass the lecture format. Outlines a production of Museum Theatre which helped a museum redefine itself. Concludes that Museum Theatre helps shift the focus of programming from simple object display to an emphasis on the human…

Argues that scholarly writing entails entering into a complex network of relationships and engages the writer in a process that may have a multitude of ends. Discusses how professional writing is related to the logic of market in that writers must produce an exchangeable commodity, but the process is governed by the requirements of the profession…

Uses "Mother Jones" to explore the link between labor union agitation and use of symbolic motherhood by female labor leaders. Argues that maternal aims such as physical protection helped empower oppressed mining audiences. Suggests that Jones's militant motherhood--realized through nondiscursive maternal practices and a…

Examines influences on public recognition and recall of news. Finds that stories receiving heavier television news coverage are better recognized and recalled; respondents who are generally well-informed about public affairs succeed in learning most types of news; and news stories focused on personalities and domestic news items are better…

Investigates gerontological research literature to discover what is known about age deficiencies in cognitive processes which might adversely influence instructional text processing. Maintains that, on the basis of findings, tentative guidelines could be given on designing such manuals. Proposes follow-up research to gather more knowledge on the…