Interventions that match demands to ability can enhance both academic performance and behavioral performance. However, it is unknown whether the instructional match or subsequent increases in engagement with the instructional material differentially impacts learning. The current study evaluated the effect of task difficulty on on-task behavior and…

Background: Speech and language therapists (SLTs) provide interventions for inducible laryngeal obstruction (ILO) despite a current lack of evidence to inform intervention delivery. This study is the first step to develop an evidence-based intervention for ILO, using behaviour change theory and the Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy version 1…

The present study aims to extend our understanding of motivational factors that improve the knowledge sharing intention of employees thereby can lead to creating knowledge successfully. Specifically, we aim to extend previous knowledge management research to contribute to both knowledge sharing theory and knowledge creation process with…

The potential influences on children's sharing decision caused by birth order and sibling age gap were examined. A third-party resource allocation task was adopted to examine five- to six-year-old children's sharing decision when they expected a protagonist to allocate resources between two recipients with different social relationships. Children…

The current study investigated how group members react to favorite and rival brands among sport teams and theme parks. Specifically, fans of sport teams perceptions of favorite and rival brands were compared to that of theme park fans. Results showed that fans of sport teams reported more positivity toward their favorite brands and more negativity…

Parametric optimization techniques allow building designers to pursue multiple performance objectives, which can benefit the overall design. However, the strategies used by architecture and engineering graduate students when working with optimization tools are unclear, and ineffective computational design procedures may limit their success as…

Smartphones are a ubiquitous part of many people's lives, but little is known about their impact on everyday thought processes. Here we introduce the "spontaneous smartphone checking scale" (SSCS)--which measures the tendency to direct attention toward one's smartphone, unpreceded by external prompts (e.g., notifications, or alerts) and…

Objective: The responsibility of implementing nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) policy falls largely on school principals, yet few have received training regarding adolescent NSSI. Understanding principals' perceptions and roles in responding to NSSI among their students is essential to determining how best to address and reduce NSSI within school…

Despite evidence for the importance of playtime for children, the use of the withdrawal of playtime is a sanction that is used throughout schools in the UK. In light of this, there have been recent arguments highlighting the need to explore alternatives to this sanction in order to protect opportunities for playtime. This exploratory action…

There has been a global increase in research and discussions surrounding research collaboration in recent years. This study mainly establishes why collaboration matters in research activities. Specifically, the study has ascertained patterns of collaboration, exposed moderating factors of collaboration and established the perceived importance of…

Ethanol (EtOH) is among the most consumed drugs in the world. The behavior of humans after ingestion of this drug is characteristic: At low doses it may be excitatory and at higher doses, it may induce depressant/sedative effects. Similar effects are observed in the zebrafish experimental model ("Danio rerio"), which has about 70%…

Artificial intelligence (AI) has generated a plethora of new opportunities, potential and challenges for understanding and supporting learning. In this paper, we position human and AI collaboration for socially shared regulation (SSRL) in learning. Particularly, this paper reflects on the intersection of human and AI collaboration in SSRL…

Objective: The role of simultaneous alcohol and marijuana (SAM) use in the experience of blackouts among college students is unclear. To clarify discrepancies, the current study evaluated whether the association between SAM user status and blackouts was moderated by high-intensity drinking (HID). Participants and Methods: College students (N =…

Purpose: This study aims to test how waste disposal behaviors can be changed such as higher recycling diversion and lower contamination rates using signage and messaging techniques at public outdoor waste receptacles on a university campus. Design/methodology/approach: The experiment took place at five public outdoor receptacle stations, each with…

The discipline of film studies often engages in analyses of the functions of filmmakers' decisions in terms of their effects on viewers. Behavior analysis uses a similar, functional-analytic approach toward understanding the relationship between individuals' behavior and the environmental effects that maintain their behavior. Given converging…