Peer mentoring among African-American males (referred to as "homies") on the west side of Chicago was examined in an afrocentric ethnographic study. The study used three data collection methods: a survey (of respondents' definition of the word "mentor") administered at bus stops, elevated train stations, gyms, and libraries to…

There are many different ways to research the educational benefits of diversity. Most of the findings from the research in this field suggest that experiences with diversity in higher education result in significant benefits on learning and democracy outcomes. This paper offers several examples of previous studies, as well as recommendations and…

Examined factors related to intentions to use drugs in the future by urban junior high school students (N=148). The results indicated that current drug use, friends' drug use, attitude toward drugs and self-concept all play an important role in the adolescent's intentions to use drugs. (JAC)

Peer relationships greatly influence how students form opinions of books and of reading in general. Students in a class can be seen as a community of readers. Their discussions, both formal and informal, can be a means of developing an awareness of literature and how to enjoy it. (PP)

Social degradation is related to family cohesion and peer group functions, both of which depend on cultural traditions. Research from Japan shows how a study of cognitive style and learning within the classroom must include psychocultural determinants related to social or ethnic identity and the awareness of disparaged minority status. (Author/GC)

Related variables measured in 1975 to smoking status in 1978 using multivariate statistical procedures. Variables included sociodemographic characteristics, smoking environment, school performance, attitude toward smoking, and knowledge about smoking effects. Cross-sectional analysis of variables measured in 1978 revealed that six variables…

Reviews research on the language learner and immersion-type bilingual education programs. It is noted that formal foreign language teaching may be needed in these programs for primary school children. It is suggested that research is needed and that a combination of functional and formal approaches be used. (Author/AMH)

Reports that children in three age groups (second, fourth, and sixth grades) held firm body-build stereotypes that increased with age but that individual subjects did not apply such stereotypic judgments to their classmates, nor did their self-esteem correlate to their own build or popularity. (Author/RL)

The Moral Dilemmas Test was administered to 1,057 Swedish boys and girls in four different grades (4, 5, 6 and 7) to examine the effects of social pressure on children. (MP)

Few situations are more distressing for professional counselors than to know or suspect that a colleague is practicing while being impaired. Suggests appropriate steps an individual counselor might take to help an impaired colleague, using as a guide the ethical decision-making model developed by the American Counseling Association Ethics…

Examines one child's reconstruction of identity in the transition from preschool to school-based patterns of play in the early weeks of schooling. The study's approach uses detailed linguistic interactional data showing identity as unstable and multiple, and draws attention to the crucial role of peer culture and play in children's experiences of…

Using a model of undergraduate student socialization, a study investigated how the college environment and student interactions with peers and faculty influence their political orientation. Results indicate that these influences tend to be of equal magnitude and that students tend to change in the direction of institutional norms. (Author/MSE)

Analysis of national longitudinal survey data on 918 adolescent males and their parents shows that violent delinquency is a product of learning definitions favorable to violence; such learning is determined by association with aggressive peers, socioeconomic status, parenting practices, and prior violent delinquency. Emphasizes joint contributions…

Examines bias awareness, offering examples from a program in New York City that helps children learn creative skills of nonviolent conflict resolution through cooperation, communication, affirmation, problem solving, mediation, and bias awareness. The paper offers considerations for educators interested in integrating conflict resolution and bias…

An ethnographic analysis of the schooling experiences of Muslim youth in Canada who are committed to maintaining Islamic lifestyles despite pressures to conform to the dominant culture, this article discusses how religious identity intersects with other forms of social difference (e.g., race and gender) in school experiences. Presents a case study…