Research involving secondary school EFL learners has demonstrated that greater intensity of exposure, via CLIL lessons, yields notable benefits. However, studies in primary school are scarce and less optimistic. Furthermore, little is known about the effects of different degrees of CLIL intensity and of learners' exposure to Extramural English…

Questions asked by teachers in English-medium instruction (EMI) classrooms are widely recognized as crucial in mediating language and content learning. Nonetheless, studies on EMI classroom discourse have rarely attempted a comprehensive conceptualization of teacher questioning or an analytical model to operationalize such a conceptualization.…

This study aimed to assess English teachers' perceptions of reading instruction and how school locality affects their views on the reading process and ability development. It also examined the relationship between teachers' perceptions and their instructional practices. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were gathered from 255 teachers through…

This study examines the impact of academic resilience on the engagement of Chinese as a foreign language (CFL) pre-service teachers amid the disruption caused by generative AI (GenAI). Using the Conservation of Resources theory as a foundation, we suggest that resilience helps reduce vulnerabilities by influencing how GenAI is perceived--either as…

Self-regulated learning (SRL) has been consistently correlated with academic achievement across various educational contexts. Although its importance is widely acknowledged, there remains a notable gap in research on SRL and its predictive power concerning academic achievement within the Moroccan educational setting. This study investigates the…

Cognitive and affective factors play crucial roles in shaping learners' attitudes towards generative artificial intelligence (GenAI). However, the synergistic influence of language attitude and emotions, including foreign language enjoyment (FLE) and foreign language classroom anxiety (FLCA) on struggling EFL learners' GenAI attitudes remains…

Blended learning in maritime education, particularly in the Seafarer Upgrading Program, faces challenges in adapting effective teaching methods for Maritime English (ME) instruction. A promising approach, Blended Task-Based Language Teaching (B-TBLT), combines Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) with blended learning environments. However, limited…

Situated in a graduate course on dialogic reflective journal writing for in-service English as a foreign language teachers, this paper explores Japanese teachers' comment writing on their peers' reflective journal entries. Previous studies on reflective journal writing in second language teacher education have examined multiple aspects of…

This qualitative Case Study explores learning motivation in highly motivated learners of English using the motivational angels concept to analyze their beliefs and perceptions about how teachers can build learning motivation in their students. This Case Study discusses lessons learned from empirical research conducted in a rural high school using…

This conceptual article argues that although imagination is a highly important dynamic of the mind with strong potential to assist language development, imagination alone does not work by itself. Instead, a strategic framework is needed to support imagination by connecting it with playful teaching and amusing content. The article begins by…

This study investigates the effect of presence and sequence of viewing activities on the learning of new words in French L2. It examined if there is a difference in perceived usefulness of pre- vs. post-viewing activity (RQ1) and whether the perceived usefulness corresponds to students' vocabulary scores (RQ2). Eighty-seven adolescent, beginner…

With the growing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) tools into academic writing, especially in second language (L2) contexts, there is a pressing need to understand how disciplinary background and AI-mediated environments shape students' writing strategies. Grounded in Activity Theory, this study investigates the academic writing…

While the automated assessment of oral reading fluency (ORF) using accuracy and speech rate has proliferated, expressiveness of speech, as measured by prosodic features, has been neglected due to its inherent complexity and lack of technological resources. Despite the potential benefits of burgeoning technology for assessing hard-to-measure…

This study explores the effectiveness of a Blended Production-Oriented Approach (BPOA) in improving Self-Directed Learning (SDL) skills among English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. A quasi-experimental design with pre- and post-tests revealed significant enhancements in key SDL skills, including planning, strategy use, resource utilization,…

Recent studies have highlighted the value of providing teachers TPACK-based courses in English-as-a-second-language (ESL) teacher training, yet its role in English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) settings remains largely unexplored. This study, focusing on the case of a semester-long TPACK-based teacher preparation course designed for pre-service…