The French language article analyzes the Test of Science Processes and describes other measurements of the investigative skills of secondary students. It defines problem solving, scientific method, investigation (the preferred strategy for teaching high school science curricula), and two fundamental investigative abilities: observation and…

Discusses confusion about the meaning of human rights in the United States. Suggests that welfare rights usurp the more traditional freedom rights of the founding fathers. Contrasts American interpretations with those of the Soviet Union. Journal availability: see SO 507 190. (KC)

The Supreme Court is faced with some difficult issues with a common origin in disagreement between the Patent and Trademark Office and the Court of Customs and Patent Appeals over the code that defines what things are and are not patentable. The patent concerns of the computer software and molecular biology fields are addressed. (JMD)

Examines the concept of competency-based education, describes an experience-based model for its development, and discusses some empirically derived rules-of-thumb for its application in allied health. (HD)

Examines school readiness practices, along with the conceptual problems with the ways that "readiness" and "at risk" are defined. Analyzes methodological problems, delayed school entrance, and focuses on studies that examined future school retention rates, later use of special education services, and drop-out rates. Offers suggestions for best…

A study of undergraduate students' (n=389) interpretations of 8 items on a faculty evaluation form revealed stronger consensus on some items than on others. Low-inference items did not necessarily evoke more agreement in meaning. Unanticipated interpretations of the term "teaching" that went beyond the evaluation items themselves were discovered.…

This article suggests that in college community service programs, it is widely assumed that community refers to groups off campus, and primarily or exclusively to those who have been identified as needing assistance. A more flexible and inclusive concept of community, including the campus community itself, is urged. A central issue discussed is…

This article provides information on stuttering, including the incidence of the disability; the definition of stuttering; the effects of stuttering on daily life activities; the role of the speech-language pathologist in treating stuttering; and the evidence of the benefits of treatment in children and adults. A case study is presented. (CR)

A survey of literature since 1990 on minority languages and language rights focuses on five issues: definition of minorities; individual vs. collective rights; legal bases for minority linguistic rights; applications and interpretations of minority language rights; and assessments of the impact of minority rights legislation. A nine-item annotated…

This article describes the two basic versions of the responsiveness-to-intervention (RTI) approach for identifying learning disabilities, the problem solving model and the standard-protocol approach. It reviews evidence on effectiveness and feasibility and concludes that more needs to be understood before RTI may be viewed as a valid…

Mothers (n=547) and fathers (n=547) of academically talented sixth grade students completed a questionnaire assessing parents' definition of academic success. Internal or external conceptions of success were related to parents' education level, gender, and ethnic group. Parents likely to emphasize internal standards were those without a doctorate,…

Examines images of principals' instructional leadership, based on 10 supervision textbooks published between 1985 and 1995. Textbooks portrayed principals as experts and superiors, teachers as deficient and voiceless, teaching as fixed technology, and supervision as a discrete intervention. Images of professional growth (stressing collegiality and…

This article responds to critiques of "Natural Supports in the Workplace: The Jury Is Still Out" (Test and Wood) by focusing on what was on trial, the need to define natural supports, the interaction between policy and practice, and implications of natural supports on personnel preparation. (CR)

The second of two linked articles develops two more mapping typologies: first, an approach to the what, why, and how of leaders, leading, and leadership; and second, the presentation of possible positions that knowledge workers can take when they use and produce knowledge about leadership practice. (Contains 10 notes and 73 references.) (MLF)

This article identifies issues for students with learning disabilities at the secondary level (e.g., underpreparedness, definition, and overidentification) and the postsecondary level (e.g., admission and academic adjustments, service delivery, training and research needs). It calls for policy formulation, research, and administrative planning for…