The paper examines several statements often considered to be basic recommendations emerging from recent research on effective teaching. Each statement is examined in terms of what is known about the effect of context on the particular recommendation. Statements examined are the following: (1) Teachers who set and communicate high expectations to…

Despite recent efforts to provide equal education, agreement exists that blacks, females, and disadvantaged students as a group are outperformed in mathematics and science by white middle-class students. To help disadvantaged students, the Duval County Public Schools (Jacksonville, Florida) have developed a "Mayo Clinic" approach to…

A descriptive, cycle model of wife battering is comprised of three phases, i.e., tension-building, the explosion of an acute battering, and respite or reconciliation, with distinctions between minor batterings and the acute batterings that are uncontrollable and result in major destruction. To test the hypothesis that every battering episode…

Experimental research has firmly established the role of expectancies in determining the behavioral consequences of alcohol consumption. To ascertain whether these alcohol expectancies derive from direct pharmacological experience with alcohol or from nonpharmacological, social-learning factors, an adolescent expectancy questionnaire was…

Four papers explore issues related to the role of parent involvement in providing employment services to young adults with mental retardation and developmental disabilities. In the first paper, results of a survey of parents and guardians revealed a generally negative attitude about changes in working conditions recommended in recent federal…

The objective of a research project was to describe how undergraduate home economics students perceive their work lives in the year 2000 according to age, race, gender, marital status, and geographic region of the country. A valid, field-tested survey instrument developed specifically for this project was administered to 324 volunteer…

This monograph considers the problem of low achievement in elementary and secondary schools among Hispanic youth (approximately 75% score below grade on CAP tests given after third grade and remain underachievers throughout their school careers) and makes recommendations for improving equity of education. The root of the problem of Hispanic…

This study investigated the effects of biased psychological reports on teachers' behavioral and expectations ratings of a kindergarten child seen in a videotape. A significant difference was noted in ratings of expected characteristics, but not in performance ratings. (Author)

First and fifth grade children and their parents were studied to examine correlates of the child's own occupational aspriations and of his parents' aspirations for him. (ST)

In a study of teacher expectations and behavior, teachers were told that certain children would bloom in creative ability. Eight months later the designated bloomers showed gains in creativity scores as well as in their IQ scores. (ST)

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between expectations of first-time parenthood and ease of transition into the role of parent. Respondents voluntarily completed questionnaires during hospital pre-natal classes or natural childbirth classes; post-natal questionnaires were mailed to respondents six weeks after the birth of…

This study clarifies the relationship between children's social desirability (CSD) response tendencies and their withdrawal from classroom achievement situations by investigating the effects of the child's expectations of peer response. Data gathered included scores on the Children's Social Desirability Scale, scores on an expectancy of response…

Seventy-nine members of several types of groups responded to questionnaires which detailed their goals and self-perceptions, and their expectations and perceptions of group leadership, norms, methods, and atmosphere. The questionnaires were administered near the beginning and again at the end (posttest N=69) of the group experience. The groups…

This report reviews versions of testing expectancy theory predictions of individual choice behavior. The ipsative, normative and return on effort approaches are addressed as are the issues of conceptual, methodical and empirical problems associated with each approach. In order to test the hypotheses as to which approach would yield stronger…