The influence of culture on the English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) teacher, student, and curriculum is examined. The assumption is that if acknowledgement is given to: (1) the influence of culture; and (2) ways that cultural assumptions of teachers and students differ, then adjustments can be made that permit a more rewarding and enjoyable…

A study was made to determine whether there exists a group of overpersisting children who are considered mastery-oriented because of their persistence but who actually demonstrate characteristics of learned helplessness. Subjects were 71 females and 84 males from fourth-, fifth-, and sixth-grade classrooms. Children's scores on the Intellectual…

In this article the author maintains that high school counselors are pressured by their colleagues, students and parents and by their own standards but that all who apply the pressure must share in the accountability. Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the National Association of College Admissions Counselors, Atlanta, Georgia, October…

This article examines the attitudes of college teachers toward adult students. Results show that faculty desire to have older students in the program correlates positively with the number of years that the faculty member has been teaching. (Author/EJT)

Raters viewed a videotape of an interview with a patient after having read one of three types of pretherapy information about the patient. Raters then completed scales regarding patient's level of adjustment, psychic distress, amount of change, and success of therapy. Only ratings of pretherapy to posttherapy patient change varied. (Author)

In their recent article, "Materiality and Genre in the Study of Discourse Communities," Devitt, Bawarshi, and Reiff maintain that genre analysis can enable outsiders to a discourse community "to connect what community members know and do with what they say and how they say it--their language practices" (542). Genre analysis,…

Suggestions from behavior modification and Personalized Systems of Instruction (PSI) research concerning some subtle variables affecting course success are presented. Variables of interpersonal relationship and of expectancies on the parts of students, proctors, and instructors are delineated. (Author/JR)

Helping students take active responsibility for their education may depend on how well educators link their classroom goals with the goals students hold for themselves. Goals are not fixed, but change as individuals change. Helping students revise their goals and improve their control of behavior are valid educational goals. Most institutions…

A study is under way to investigate the relationship between student teachers' expectations and perceptions of achievement. Descriptive statistical data gathered in the study are presented in this interim report. Student teachers representing 42 colleges and universities in 25 states voluntarily responded to 50-item pre- and post-inventories of…

The relationship of expectations and assessments of friendships among third and fifth graders was studied. Particular attention was given to (1) the relationships between friendship expectation (FE), the assessment of present friendships (FA), and friendship reciprocity (FR); (2) gender, racial, and grade level differences in these same three…

Teachers of extended day kindergarten classes and regular kindergarten classes are encouraged to help the poor risk child, who demonstrates the potential for having difficulty with the academics of first grade, by identifying the child's levels in reading readiness, developing the hows and whys of learning (teaching the child how to learn),…

The relationship between friendship expectations, assessment of present friendships, and friendship satisfaction, as well as the degree to which friends were similar on these variables were investigated for black and white adolescents. Subjects were 150 eighth-grade students from a public school in the southeastern United States. Fifty-six…

Paradox and therapeutic double bind techniques are used to overcome resistance in students with a history of success avoidance. Predictions of failure, restraining comments, and the use of paradox in the midst of an activity are defended theoretically by presenting historical roots and a rationale of effectiveness. A skill-building approach…

A second wave of educational reform is closely scrutinizing fundamental issues (structure, organization, management, curriculum, and instruction) and calling for at least partial restructuring of the public school system. After presenting a scenario of an ideally restructured elementary school, this paper explores the…

The purpose of this paper is to explore differences in the nature of classrooms where students perceive high and low amounts of differential teacher treatment between high and low achievers. The Teacher Treatment Inventory was used to measure students' perceptions of the frequency of 30 teacher behaviors towards a hypothetical male or female high…