Summarizes two studies conducted for the development and validation of a Spanish version of the Expectations about Counseling (EAC) questionnaire. Administered English and Spanish versions to bilingual university students and bilingual nonstudents. Results suggest that the Spanish version of the EAC is a reliable and valid translation for students…

The slow rate of promotion of female college faculty relative to their male counterparts is examined from the perspective of "socially expected durations," shifting emphasis from women's assumed shortcomings and constraints to the characteristics of academe's organizational structure. The model is seen as useful for examining other forms of…

Presents data from a study of 12-year-old English-as-a-Second-Language students in metropolitan Toronto and their significantly unsatisfactory educational development in language and literacy skills. Discusses implications of these findings, particularly with regard to educational change to help marginalized student groups. Finds that ESL students…

Outlines methodology employed during six-month period to integrate quantitative and qualitative research results. The project, involving mainstreamed learning-disabled students' problems with homework assignments, was designed to study educational issues through use of directed focus groups in which groups discuss specific topic in detail.…

What is striking about the Goals 2000 initiative is its virtual omission of the student, except as passive receptacle. To claim that students will learn more with heightened expectations is misleading. For content to take root, it must connect with students' internal "prepared structures" and become a "comfortable friend." In…

Research suggests that, when teachers believe they can influence student learning, they usually do. Low-efficacy teachers blame failure on students' family background and motivation, deprecate low achievers, and stratify their classrooms according to ability. Teacher self-efficacy can be strengthened by improving teacher socialization procedures,…

Skills transfer will occur if planners (1) structure expectations (clarify objectives, focus on behavior, keep expectations achievable and consistent, ensure learner ownership); (2) improve skills (keep objectives at the correct level of cognitive domain, focus on applications, integrate training with the natural environment); and (3) establish…

Three theories of commitment were tested by surveying 92 nursing students 3 times during their first year. The social exchange approach and unmet expectations about nursing careers influenced commitment during the latter eight months. The circumstances surrounding the decision to enter nurse training (behavioral approach) predicted commitment only…

Discusses what are believed to be five areas of neglect in foreign language instruction in the elementary school. These include the following: time allocation, time on the task, teacher preparation, program expectations, and articulation. (GLR)

Cross-tabulation of data from 2,713 employees and a matched sample of their employers found the following: males more than females match their employers' assessments of mobility potential of their jobs; those who match their employers, whether mobile or not, have similar levels of job satisfaction; and combination of both attitudinal and…

Women approach learning with more self-doubt, fear, and alienation than men do. Essential prerequisites for women's education are greater female representation in teaching, training, and administration and the building and nurturing of learning communities. (SK)

The use of word processors for developing writing skills of foreign language students has created unrealistically high expectations regarding learning gains. This paper argues that only teachers can improve the situation through a supportive learning environment. User support at a New Zealand college is described. (42 references) (Author/LB)

Discusses the causes and symptoms of burnout among bibliographic instruction (BI) librarians in academic libraries. Highlights include the content of BI sessions; criticism of BI; a review of pertinent literature on burnout; sources of stress for new professionals; burnout in human service organizations; coping strategies; and high expectations…

Desegregation, multiculturalism, and Afrocentrism have sought to shape the self-perceptions of African-American students. Research findings imply that some African-American children already have adequate self-esteem despite low academic achievement. Although important, development of ethnic identity should be subordinate to academic excellence and…

Infants' visual fixations were monitored while they viewed predictable and unpredictable sequences of stimuli. Analyses of anticipatory fixations indicated that by two months of age, infants form expectations for the reappearance of visual stimuli positioned opposite to each other. By three months, infants rapidly form expectations for asymmetric…