Each school media specialist creates his or her own role. Media specialists are instructional leaders, curriculum developers, consultants, and administrators. The ability to cope with technological change while creating a future which will be personally satisfying and professionally rewarding is the key to defining the role. (PP)

Contrasted specific role preparation for counseling to a motivation-for-counseling control treatment on students' (N=17) perceptions, interview behaviors, and final evaluations of counseling. Results showed those exposed to role induction showed significant increases in self-references and decreases in verbal responses considered less relevant,…

Parental attitudes toward the health services provided at their children's school were assessed. Results showed that parents surveyed did accept school health services as part of their child's total health care. No relationship was found between parental expectations and family characteristics. (Author/PP)

A study of 90 nine year olds in five ethnically mixed New Zealand classrooms indicated that teachers perceived Polynesian pupils less favorably than White students on dimensions reflecting parent/home factors and academic work skills. Observations of teacher pupil interaction, however, showed no ethnic differences. (Author/GC)

Examined whether Lawler's formulation for expectancy was a better predictor of the outcomes of an intervention designed to aid career choice than applications of the more global approaches. The career choice class was completed by 120 students. The Lawler model was no better a predictor than other measures. (Author/JAC)

Sixty-eight teachers were randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions involving written information descriptions (positive and negative) and videotaped behavior (withdrawn and acting out). Findings suggest that a behaviorally disordered child should be seen as a student with specific problems within the normal range of behavior.…

Conflicts arising when a new university, the Roskilde University Centre, is exposed to many different expectations are described. The impact of confrontations between the university and politicians on university activities and actions taken by university members to counteract the unfavorable public image are discussed. (MSE)

Since adult students' expectations and classroom experiences for foreign language study may vary greatly, an extra phase of training is recommended to introduce them to the types of activity and study attitudes expected of them. Components for this phase and a sample outline are offered. (Author/MSE)

As professors look to the corporate sector to find better professional futures, they must confront important cultural dissonances. Among the adjustments faculty must make are relinquishing the mastery of substances characteristic of academics, becoming a team rather than solo player, and integrating the concepts of management and leadership.…

Focusing on the interaction influences of scorer achievement expectations and writer handwriting quality on the scoring of essays, results found handwriting quality and scorer expectations both influence essay scores. However, there was no evidence of interaction between handwriting quality and scorer achievement expectations. (Author/PN)

Study time and test performance change as a function of expecting either open or multiple-choice questions on a history test. Subjects tested in either format were led to expect the same test format on a second test. Subjects expecting open questions studied more and performed better on both test formats. (Author/CM)

Stresses teaching the importance of including "reader benefits" in business correspondence. (Defines "reader benefits" as rewards which the reader will receive for doing what the writer asks.) Reviews research which explains why threats won't work, how reader benefits influence attitudes and behavior, and why nonmonetary benefits are sometimes the…

Over 300 students assessed their causal attributions and expectations for success and failure in mathematics, and their self concepts of math ability. Results varied, depending on research method employed, but did not when taken together support the hypothesis that girls are more learned helpless in mathematics than are boys. (Author/GC)

Two successive studies investigated teaching four memory training strategies and their effects on subjective memory complaints in the community- dwelling elderly. Evaluations revealed significant improvements in recall functioning among the memory training subjects. Results indicate concern about poor memory may reflect expectations about old age…