Reports a study which investigated the cross-cultural validity, reliability, and distinctiveness of the subscale structure of the Test of Science Related Attitudes (TOSRA). Results from tests of American high school students (N=336) indicated that the seven subscales were highly reliable, but that the discriminant validity was low. (ML)

The hypothesis that first-year medical residents' evaluate their performance in a more differentiated manner than their supervisors was evaluated. An evaluation form was developed to obtain ratings of performance in 13 specific areas. Results showed that residents were more discriminating than supervisors in evaluating residents performance. (JAZ)

Research results in the social and behavioral sciences are thought to be less replicable than results in the physical sciences. Comparisons of the cumulativeness of research in the former sciences have not been made. Argues that the study of cumulativeness could predict results from replicated experiments under good conditions. (Author/VM)

Discusses reliability and validity of continual response measurement (CRM), a computer-based measurement technique, and its use in social science research. Highlights include the importance of criterion-referencing the data, guidelines for designing studies using CRM, examples typifying their deductive and inductive functions, and a discussion of…

Judges classified 100 third and fourth graders into behavioral categories according to their earliest school recollections (ESRs). The same students were reclassified one year later. Results showed a statistically significant agreement between a student's initial and most recent classification, suggesting the value of ESR as a reliable diagnostic…

The reliability of a 13-item questionnaire designed to assess the humanistic behaviors of internal medicine residents and the reliability of nurses as raters of those behaviors were examined. Residents were evaluated by nurses on two general medicine services and on cardiology and hematology-oncology services. (Author/MLW)

Argues that the typical psychometric model of human intelligence is limited because the database fails to take account of the many manifestations of intelligent behavior that are displayed in the world outside the testing room. Suggests that cognitive processes are influenced by test situation or setting and examiner's level of expertise. (PS)

Normative data collected for the Goodenough-Harris Drawing Test from children (ages 7-14) in urban and rural Alberta and for Inuit children in the Northwest Territories, Canada, were consistently below the Harris norms particularly for the Draw-a-Woman test. Alternate sets of Draw-a-Person norms are proposed for use with these groups. (Author/VW)

Describes the construction of a nonreading instrument (Preschool Reading Attitudes Scale) designed to assess attitudes toward reading in young children, aged three through five years. Demonstrates the scale to be valid and reliable with these age groups. (HOD)

The impact of the Subset Selection Technique (SST) for multiple-choice items on certain properties of a test was compared with that of two other methods, the Number Right and the Correction for Guessing Formula. Results indicated that SST outperformed the other two, producing higher reliability and validity without favoring high risk takers.…

The following issues in identification of the gifted and their recruitment into special programs are discussed: (1) characteristics of diverse populations that hinder identification; (2) recruitment procedures; (3) selection criteria; (4) quality of measures used for identification; and (5) training and skills of examiners. (PS)

This study examined halo in raters' beliefs of item (attribute) relatedness. College students' prior beliefs of the co-occurrence of teaching attributes were correlated with actual correlation of teaching attributes of fictional college professors. Results showed some support for beliefs-of-relatedness source of halo. (LMO)

Three studies evaluating the reliability and validity of the Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status (OM-EIS) are reported. Two studies analyzed college students' results from the OM-EIS, the Extended Range Vocabulary Test, the Crowne-Marlowe Social Disability Scale and achievement records. Study 3 correlated high school seniors' OM-EIS scores…

A semantic differential measure of the attributions of the term feminist was developed and administered to 768 college students. Principal components analysis resulted in five factors: general evaluation, behavioral characteristics, political orientation, sexual preference, and gender classification. Internal replication and stability of the…

Tests the validity and reliability of a scale (Mental Development Scales: Birth to Three Years) designed to assess developmental levels of children from birth to three years. (HOD)