A group of 39 older adults trained to use an electronic bulletin board had more positive attitudes about computers compared to 10 controls. The most positive were those who continued to use the board frequently. The most important predictor of use was success at initial training. (SK)

Two Holland-style congruence indices computed for 16 occupational samples did not show significant correlations between job satisfaction and congruence for 12 samples and very small relationships for the other 4. Using congruence measures to predict job satisfaction may be more efficacious for workers entering new fields than for the more…

Ten sociodemographic, clinical, and psychological characteristics considered predictors of difficulty with smoking cessation in patients with coronary artery disease are reviewed. The compounding effects of nicotine addiction are discussed. Consideration of these factors may result in individualized programs for smoking cessation. A brief overview…

A metamodel of evaluation utilization was developed from implicit and explicit process models and ideas developed in recent research. The model depicts evaluation use as occurring in an internal environment situated in an external environment. Background variables, international or social psychological variables, and evaluation use variables are…

Reports on three experiments that tested the perceived quality of digital images, and discusses issues about conducting research into questions about technical quality in multimedia. Issues regarding conducting this type of research include contextualization versus decontextualization, selection of variables and their values, and presentation…

Explores the heuristic value of a typological approach for preventing and studying school dropout. Empirically builds a typology of dropouts based on individual school experiences, tests the typology's reliability by replicating the classification with two different longitudinal samples, and examines the typology's predictive and discriminant…

Multivariate analysis of the relationship between career exploration and its predictors for 156 women and 162 men indicated that combining all predictors accounted for less than one-third of variance. Other analyses showed that the broad construct of ego identity exploration cannot be substituted for career exploration. (SK)

Studied the effect on criterion-related validity of nonfitting response vectors (NRVs) on a predictor test using simulation. Results suggest that NRVs can influence the validity of a test if the type of misfit is severe, the correlation between the predictor and criterion scores is "p"=0.3 or 0.4, and there are 15% or higher NRVs. (SLD)

Two studies were conducted to examine how perceptions of support for mentoring relate to mentoring attitudes and outcomes for both proteges and mentors, over and above established predictors. In study 1, proteges provided information on their perceptions of support for mentoring and mentoring received. As expected, perceived management support for…

Far less is known about predictors of quality for family child care homes than for child care centers. The current study of 120 randomly-selected family child care providers in four Midwestern states examined distal, state policy-level variables (family child care regulations and the concentration of children cared for who received public child…

A birth cohort of 472 women and 494 men aged 26 years was interviewed about a range of self-harmful behaviors first and then asked about suicidal intent.- Lifetime prevalence of self-harm using traditional methods of suicide (ICD [International Classification of Diseases] self-harm) was 13%, with 9% of the sample describing at least one such…

Multilevel analysis is an appropriate tool for the analysis of hierarchically structured data. There may, however, be reasons to ignore one of the levels of nesting in the data analysis. In this article a three level model with one predictor variable is used as a reference model and the top or intermediate level is ignored in the data analysis.…

Examines the processes that underlie the association between trait expressiveness and marital satisfaction. Analyses suggested that expressiveness promotes satisfaction by leading spouses to engage in affectionate behavior and by leading them to idealize their partner. Extends previous research by providing a plausible explanation of the…

Compares husbands' and wives' views of the wantedness of their most recent pregnancy in the Philippines. Finds that those most at risk of experiencing a pregnancy that neither spouse wanted tended to be those who were practicing Catholics who attended religious services frequently and those among whom the husband was the sole breadwinner.…

This paper examines the link between attitudes and behaviour in relation to adolescent participation on the National Lottery and scratchcards by applying the theory of planned behaviour. A questionnaire constructed by the authors was administered to a sample of 1195 adolescents between the ages of 11 and 15 years (550 male, 641 female, 4…